{"id":192,"date":"2021-12-02T12:46:34","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:46:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_hubble_space_telescope2\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:19","slug":"the_hubble_space_telescope2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/the_hubble_space_telescope2\/","title":{"rendered":"Hubble-avaruusteleskooppi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Hubble-avaruusteleskooppi (HST) on kaikkien aikojen tunnetuin \u2013 ja luultavasti menestynein \u2013 avaruusobservatorio. Avaruussukkula laukaisi t\u00e4m\u00e4n 11 tonnin painoisen teleskoopin huhtikuussa 1990 570 km:n korkeudelle Maata kiert\u00e4v\u00e4lle radalle. HST kiert\u00e4\u00e4 maapalloa 96 minuutin v\u00e4lein ja on t\u00e4h\u00e4n menness\u00e4 kulkenut noin 5 miljardia kilometri\u00e4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Hubble on l\u00e4hett\u00e4nyt takaisin valtavan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n tieteellist\u00e4 dataa ja uskomattoman yksityiskohtaisia kuvia kaikenlaisista taivaankappaleista. Syksyyn 2009 menness\u00e4 se oli tehnyt l\u00e4hes 900 000 havaintoa ja ottanut yli 570 000 kuvaa yli 29 000 kohteesta.<\/p>\n

HST on nimetty Edwin Hubblen (1889\u20131953) mukaan, joka oli yksi modernin t\u00e4htitieteen suurista edell\u00e4k\u00e4vij\u00f6ist\u00e4. Sen ytimess\u00e4 ovat 2,4 metrin p\u00e4\u00e4peili ja viisi tieteellist\u00e4 instrumenttia, joilla tutkitaan maailmankaikkeutta infrapuna-, n\u00e4kyv\u00e4n valon tai ultraviolettivalon avulla. P\u00e4\u00e4peilin ker\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4 valo heijastuu pienemp\u00e4\u00e4n peiliin ja ohjataan sielt\u00e4 edelleen instrumentteihin. Tiedot l\u00e4hetet\u00e4\u00e4n sitten Maahan v\u00e4lityssatelliitin kautta.<\/p>\n

Observatorion virransy\u00f6tt\u00f6 hoidetaan kahdella suurella (2,6 x 7,1 m) aurinkopaneelilla. Hienos\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6antureita k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n ohjaus t\u00e4htien lukitsemiseen. T\u00e4m\u00e4 takaa eritt\u00e4in korkean suuntaustarkkuuden, jota tarvitaan eritt\u00e4in tarkkojen havaintojen tekemiseen.<\/p>\n

Hubble on ainoa teleskooppi, joka on alun perin suunniteltu siten, ett\u00e4 astronautit voivat huoltaa sit\u00e4 avaruudessa vanhojen mittalaitteiden vaihtamiseksi. T\u00e4m\u00e4 osoittautui korvaamattomaksi, kun ensimm\u00e4iset kuvat olivat ep\u00e4selvi\u00e4 ja ongelman korjaamiseksi jouduttiin asentamaan erityinen optinen j\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4 vuonna 1993. Huoltolentoja on ollut viisi, joista viimeisin toteutettiin toukokuussa 2009. Teleskoopin odotetaan jatkavan toimintaansa vuoteen 2014 asti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is the most famous – and probably most successful – space observatory ever flown. The 11 tonne telescope was placed into a 570 km high […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2010\/04\/the_joint_esa_nasa_hubble_space_telescope2\/17892982-2-eng-GB\/The_joint_ESA_NASA_Hubble_Space_Telescope.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2010\/04\/The_joint_ESA_NASA_Hubble_Space_Telescope2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=192"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1335,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192\/revisions\/1335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}