{"id":1139,"date":"2004-11-19T09:40:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T08:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/new_transport\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:27","slug":"new_transport","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/new_transport\/","title":{"rendered":"Uusi kuljetus"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Avaruus on valtava. Matka Kuuhun \u2013 avaruuden naapurimme \u2013 kest\u00e4\u00e4 tavallisilla kemiallisilla raketeilla kolme p\u00e4iv\u00e4\u00e4. Matkat Marsiin, asteroideille ja ulkoisiin planeettoihin kest\u00e4isiv\u00e4t useita kuukausia tai jopa vuosia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Pitkill\u00e4 avaruusmatkoilla astronauttien terveys ja kunto heikkenev\u00e4t s\u00e4teilyaltistuksen ja painottomuuden vuoksi. Pitk\u00e4t avaruuslennot vaativat my\u00f6s enemm\u00e4n ilmaa, vett\u00e4 ja ruokaa, ja niiss\u00e4 on suurempi riski, ett\u00e4 jokin menee pieleen. Mutta miten avaruuslentoja voitaisiin lyhent\u00e4\u00e4?<\/p>\n

Yksi keino on parantaa rakettimoottoreiden tehokkuutta. ESA:n insin\u00f6\u00f6rit ovat jo rakentaneet s\u00e4hk\u00f6isen ty\u00f6nt\u00f6voimaj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n SMART-1-kuulentoon. S\u00e4hk\u00f6moottorit ovat paljon pienempi\u00e4 ja kevyempi\u00e4 kuin tavalliset moottorit. Vaikka ne kuluttavat huomattavasti v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n polttoainetta, ne pystyv\u00e4t tuottamaan suuremman poistokaasunopeuden \u2013 eli nopeuden, jolla moottorista tuleva kaasu sinkoaa avaruuteen.<\/p>\n

K\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 s\u00e4hk\u00f6\u00e4, joka syntyy auringonvalon osuessa aurinkokennoista valmistettuihin \u2018siipiin\u2019, ne voivat hitaasti lis\u00e4t\u00e4 avaruusaluksen nopeutta, kunnes se liikkuu moninkertaisesti nopeammin kuin kemiallinen raketti.<\/p>\n

Auringosta kaukana sijaitseviin avaruuslentoihin tarvitaan ydinmoottoreita. T\u00e4llaisten moottoreiden avulla voi lopulta olla mahdollista lent\u00e4\u00e4 Marsiin vain muutamassa p\u00e4iv\u00e4ss\u00e4.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Space is vast. A trip to the Moon – our neighbour in space \u2013 will take three days using normal chemical rockets. Journeys to Mars, the asteroids and the outer […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/11\/smart-1_showing_off_ion_engine2\/17872705-2-eng-GB\/SMART-1_showing_off_ion_engine.jpg","esa_banner_description":"SMART-1 showing off ion engine","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/11\/SMART-1_showing_off_ion_engine2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[62,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exploration","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1139","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1139"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1139\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2282,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1139\/revisions\/2282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1139"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1139"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1139"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}