{"id":1092,"date":"2009-04-06T09:32:00","date_gmt":"2009-04-06T07:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_s_space_observatories_to_explore_the_early_universe\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:35:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:35:56","slug":"esa_s_space_observatories_to_explore_the_early_universe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/esa_s_space_observatories_to_explore_the_early_universe\/","title":{"rendered":"ESAn avaruusobservatoriot tutkivat varhaista maailmankaikkeutta"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>T\u00e4htitieteilij\u00e4t ymp\u00e4ri maailmaa odottavat innokkaasti Ariane 5 -raketin laukaisua, joka kuljettaa mukanaan kaksi uraauurtavaa ESA:n satelliittia, jotka on nimetty kuuluisien eurooppalaisten tiedemiesten mukaan: Planck ja Herschel. N\u00e4m\u00e4 huipputekniset avaruusobservatoriot toimivat kuin 21. vuosisadan aikakoneet: ne katsovat menneisyyteen ja auttavat tutkijoita selvitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n, miten t\u00e4hdet, galaksit ja koko maailmankaikkeus syntyiv\u00e4t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Herschel tulee olemaan suurin avaruuteen koskaan laukaistu teleskooppi. Sen ytimess\u00e4 on 3,5 metri\u00e4 leve\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4peili \u2013 joka on huomattavasti suurempi, mutta kevyempi kuin Hubble-avaruusteleskoopin peili. 3,4 tonnia painava observatorio on nimetty saksalais-brittil\u00e4isen t\u00e4htitieteilij\u00e4n William Herschelin mukaan, joka teki historiaa l\u00f6yt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 n\u00e4kym\u00e4tt\u00f6m\u00e4n infrapunas\u00e4teilyn (jonka tunnemme l\u00e4mm\u00f6n\u00e4) vuonna 1800. Nykyaikaisen Herschelin kolme instrumenttia tutkivat v\u00e4hint\u00e4\u00e4n kolmen vuoden ajan kylmi\u00e4 p\u00f6lypilvi\u00e4, joissa t\u00e4hdet syntyv\u00e4t, sek\u00e4 kaukaisia galakseja, jotka loistavat voimakkaasti infrapunavalossa.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2068\" data-credit=\"ESA\/Thales\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Planck_telescope2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/planck_telescope2\/17872743-2-eng-GB\/Planck_telescope.jpg\" alt=\"Planck telescope\"><figcaption>Planck-teleskooppi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Herschelin rinnalla lent\u00e4\u00e4 satelliitti, joka on suunniteltu katsomaan taaksep\u00e4in aikojen alkuun. Saksalaisen fyysikon Max Planckin kunniaksi nimetty 1 900 kg:n painoinen avaruusalus tutkii heikkoja kaikuja, jotka ovat j\u00e4\u00e4neet j\u00e4ljelle maailmankaikkeuden syntym\u00e4n, alkur\u00e4j\u00e4hdyksen, j\u00e4lkeen. N\u00e4m\u00e4 j\u00e4ljet n\u00e4kyv\u00e4t muutaman miljoonasosan asteen l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilavaihteluina. T\u00e4m\u00e4n n\u00e4kym\u00e4tt\u00f6m\u00e4n mikroaaltos\u00e4teilyn havaitsemiseksi ja kartoittamiseksi Planckin kaksi ilmaisinta on j\u00e4\u00e4hdytett\u00e4v\u00e4 -273 celsiusasteeseen. Noin 15 kuukauden ajan observatorion 1,5 metrin p\u00e4\u00e4peili ker\u00e4\u00e4 t\u00e4t\u00e4 \u00e4\u00e4rimm\u00e4isen heikkoa s\u00e4teily\u00e4, joka aloitti matkansa kohti Maata noin 14 miljardia vuotta sitten.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Astronomers around the world are eagerly awaiting the launch of an Ariane 5 rocket carrying two groundbreaking ESA satellites named after famous European scientists: Planck and Herschel. Like 21st century [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/artist_concept_of_the_herschel_spacecraft2\/17878959-2-eng-GB\/Artist_concept_of_the_Herschel_spacecraft.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist concept of the Herschel spacecraft","esa_banner_credit":"ESA \u2013 D. Ducros, 2009","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Artist_concept_of_the_Herschel_spacecraft2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1092"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4849,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092\/revisions\/4849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/fi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}