{"id":937,"date":"2004-12-03T10:18:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/earthquakes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:59","slug":"earthquakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/earthquakes\/","title":{"rendered":"Maav\u00e4rinad"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Maav\u00e4rinad on k\u00f5igist loodus\u00f5nnetustest k\u00f5ige surmavamad. Enamik surmajuhtumeid on p\u00f5hjustatud hoonete kokkuvarisemisest v\u00f5i tulekahjudest.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Igal aastal toimub maailmas mitu miljonit maav\u00e4rinat. Paljud neist j\u00e4\u00e4vad aga m\u00e4rkamata, kuna need toimuvad kaugetes piirkondades v\u00f5i on v\u00e4ga n\u00f5rgad. Keskmiselt toimub igal aastal 18 tugevat maav\u00e4rinat ja \u00fcks suur maav\u00e4rin.<\/p>\n

Viimane suur maav\u00e4rin toimus L\u00e4\u00e4ne-India saarestikus asuval Haiti saarel. Haiti valitsuse andmetel hukkus 230 000 inimest, 300 000 sai vigastada ja miljon j\u00e4i kodutuks.<\/p>\n

Maav\u00e4rinad esinevad k\u00f5ige sagedamini maakoore suurte pragude l\u00e4hedal, mida nimetatakse \u201cmurranguteks\u201d. Neid esineb sageli L\u00f5una-Euroopas, kus kaks suurt maakooreplaati liiguvad \u00fcksteise suunas.<\/p>\n

\"Satellite
Satelliidipilt 1999. aasta maav\u00e4rinast T\u00fcrgis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

ESA satelliitidel ERS-2 ja Envisat asuvad radarid v\u00f5imaldavad kindlaks teha, kas maapind liigub. Need suudavad liikumist m\u00f5\u00f5ta m\u00f5ne millimeetri t\u00e4psusega.<\/p>\n

Radarit saab kasutada ka hoonete kahjustuste kaardistamiseks ja hindamiseks nii p\u00e4eval kui \u00f6\u00f6sel. See on p\u00e4\u00e4ste- ja taastamist\u00f6\u00f6de meeskondadele suureks abiks.<\/p>\n

Maav\u00e4rinaid ei ole siiani v\u00f5imalik t\u00e4pselt ennustada. Siiski pakuvad ESA satelliidid t\u00e4pset teavet, mis v\u00f5ib teadlastel nende \u00fclesande t\u00e4itmisel abiks olla. Aastate jooksul kogutud andmed aitavad ennustada tulevasi maav\u00e4rinaid ja avastada varjatud murranguid.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Earthquakes are the deadliest of all natural disasters. Most deaths are caused by collapsing buildings or fires. Several million earthquakes occur in the world each year. However, many of these […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/02\/bam_earthquake2\/17900457-2-eng-GB\/Bam_earthquake.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Bam earthquake","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo \/Kamran Jebreili","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/02\/Bam_earthquake2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=937"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4747,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937\/revisions\/4747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}