{"id":909,"date":"2004-11-19T08:41:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T07:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_astronauts\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:38","slug":"esa_astronauts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/esa_astronauts\/","title":{"rendered":"ESA astronaudid"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Juba \u00fcle 30 aasta on eurooplased nautinud kosmosereiside imesid. Esimesed pioneerid olid Vladimir Remek (T\u0161ehhoslovakkia), Miroslav Hermaszewski (Poola) ja Sigmund J\u00e4hn (Ida-Saksamaa). Nad k\u00f5ik lendasid n\u00e4dalapikkusele k\u00fclask\u00e4igule N\u00f5ukogude Liidu kosmosjaama \u201eSalyut 6\u201c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Alates 1978. aastast on toimunud 52 missiooni, milles on osalenud 33 astronauti ESA liikmesriikidest. Esimesed kolm valitud ESA astronauti olid Ulf Merbold (Saksamaa), Wubbo Ockels (Holland) ja Claude Nicollier (\u0160veits).<\/p>\n

Merbold oli esimene, kes 1983. aastal kosmosesse lendas. Ta osales STS-9 kosmoses\u00fcstiku missioonil, mis oli ESA Spacelabi esimene lend. Ockels lendas kosmoses\u00fcstikuga kaks aastat hiljem. Claude Nicollier pidi oma esimest lendu (STS-46, 1992) ootama 14 aastat, kuid l\u00f5puks sooritas ta kokku neli kosmoselendu \u2013 rohkem kui \u00fckski teine ESA astronaut.<\/p>\n

ESA astronautide korpus loodi 1998. aastal. Praegu kuulub ESA astronautide korpusesse 14 astronauti \u2013 neli Itaaliast, kolm Prantsusmaalt, kaks Saksamaalt, \u00fcks Rootsist, \u00fcks Belgiast, \u00fcks Madalmaadest, \u00fcks Taanist ja \u00fcks \u00dchendkuningriigist. Neist kuus valiti v\u00e4lja 2009. aastal.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

For more than 30 years, Europeans have been enjoying the wonders of space travel. The early pioneers were Vladimir Remek (Czechoslovakia), Miroslav Hermaszewski (Poland) and Sigmund J\u00e4hn (East Germany). They […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/10\/the_european_astronaut_corps2\/17902086-2-eng-GB\/The_European_Astronaut_Corps.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The European Astronaut Corps","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - J-L. Atteleyn","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/10\/The_European_Astronaut_Corps2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[28,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronauts","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=909"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2052,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions\/2052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}