{"id":863,"date":"2011-07-05T08:58:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-05T06:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/eating_in_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:07","slug":"eating_in_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/eating_in_space\/","title":{"rendered":"Toitumine kosmoses"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Astronaudid on poodidest kaugel, mist\u00f5ttu peavad nad lootma regulaarsetele toidutarnetele. Iga paari kuu tagant saabub automaatne kosmoselaev, n\u00e4iteks ESA automaatne \u00fclekandelaev v\u00f5i Venemaa Progress, mis on t\u00e4is v\u00e4rskeid puuvilju, vett ja valmistoite.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Toitumine kosmoses on alates alumiiniumtorudes oleva k\u00fclma pastast ja kuubikukujulistest suupistetest oluliselt paranenud. T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval sarnaneb kosmosetoit sellele, mida Maal igap\u00e4evaselt s\u00fc\u00fcakse. See h\u00f5lmab k\u00fclmutatud k\u00f6\u00f6givilju ja magustoite, k\u00fclmutamata toitu, puuvilju ja piimatooteid. Praegu sisaldab Rahvusvahelise Kosmosejaama men\u00fc\u00fc \u00fcle 100 toidu. Astronaudid valivad oma igap\u00e4evased men\u00fc\u00fcd juba ammu enne kosmosesse lendamist. P\u00e4evas on kolm s\u00f6\u00f6gikorda, millele lisanduvad suupisted, mida v\u00f5ib s\u00fc\u00fca igal ajal. Samuti pakutakse maitseaineid, nagu ket\u0161up, sinep ja majonees. Saadaval on ka sool ja pipar, kuid ainult vedelal kujul.<\/p>\n

Kosmosetoit v\u00f5ib olla konserveeritud v\u00f5i alumiiniumfooliumisse m\u00e4hitud. See v\u00f5ib olla k\u00fclmkuivatatud, madala niiskusesisaldusega, eelk\u00fcpsetatud v\u00f5i deh\u00fcdreeritud (millest on eemaldatud vesi). Kui toit on deh\u00fcdreeritud, ei saa seda s\u00fc\u00fca enne, kui astronaudid lisavad sellele kuuma vett. Toidu soojendamiseks \u00f5igele temperatuurile on olemas ahjud. Ka paljud joogid on deh\u00fcdreeritud kujul. Jaamas toodetakse m\u00f5ningal m\u00e4\u00e4ral taaskasutatud vett, kuid lisavarusid tuleb saata \u00fcles varustamismissioonidega. Joogivalik ulatub kohvist, teest ja apelsinimahlast kuni puuviljapunchide ja limonaadini.<\/p>\n

Piisava kalorite, vitamiinide ja mineraalainete tarbimine on astronautidele sama oluline kui Maal elavatele inimestele. Nad peavad tarbima v\u00e4hemalt 2000 kalorit p\u00e4evas. Missiooni ajal t\u00e4idavad meeskonnaliikmed arvutis k\u00fcsimustiku, et anda teada, milliseid toite nad on s\u00f6\u00f6nud. Maapinnal asuvad eksperdid annavad neile n\u00f5u, kui nende toitumist on vaja parandada.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Astronauts are far from the shops, so they have to rely on regular deliveries of food. Every few months an automated spacecraft, such as ESA\u2019s Automated Transfer Vehicle or the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/06\/expedition_20_crewmembers_share_a_meal_in_the_unity_module2\/18246402-2-eng-GB\/Expedition_20_crewmembers_share_a_meal_in_the_Unity_module.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"NASA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/06\/Expedition_20_crewmembers_share_a_meal_in_the_Unity_module2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,13,63],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-863","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-life-in-space","category-living-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=863"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2006,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/863\/revisions\/2006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=863"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=863"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}