{"id":840,"date":"2004-12-02T15:23:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/liftoff_from_south_america\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:52","slug":"liftoff_from_south_america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/liftoff_from_south_america\/","title":{"rendered":"Stardid L\u00f5una-Ameerikast"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Viimase 30 aasta jooksul on k\u00f5ik Euroopa raketid startinud L\u00f5una-Ameerikas asuvast Kouroust. Miks valis Euroopa kosmodroomi, mis asub maailma teisel poolel?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Uue asukoha otsingud algasid 1960. aastatel, kui Prantsusmaa pidi loobuma oma stardibaasist Al\u017eeeria k\u00f5rbes.<\/p>\n<p>Prantsuse Kosmoseagentuur valis l\u00f5puks v\u00e4lja rannikuala Prantsuse Guajaana d\u017eungli \u00e4\u00e4res. Uus asukoht asus Kourou nimelise kalurik\u00fcla l\u00e4hedal ja mitte kaugel vanast vanglaasundusest Kurjuse saarel.<\/p>\n<p>Kourou asus Euroopast tuhandete kilomeetrite kaugusel ja k\u00f5ik tuli ehitada nullist \u00fcles. Siiski oli sellel mitu olulist eelist:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>stardid toimuksid kaugel suurte asustusaladest<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>rakette saaks ohutult k\u00e4ivitada avamerele ida ja p\u00f5hja suunas<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>kasutatud raketiastmed kukuksid ohutult ookeani<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>satelliite saaks h\u00f5lpsasti saata nii polaarsele kui ka ekvatoriaalsele orbiidile.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Euroopa kosmosesadam asub samuti v\u00e4ga l\u00e4hedal ekvaatorile. See saab kasu \u201elinguefekti\u201c m\u00f5just, mille p\u00f5hjustab Maa kiire p\u00f6\u00f6rlemine ekvaatoril. See annab l\u00e4heduses startivatele rakettidele tasuta kiirenduse 1650 km\/h ida suunas. See v\u00e4hendab nende k\u00fctusevajadust ja v\u00f5imaldab neil t\u00f5sta orbiidile raskemaid satelliite.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the last 30 years, all of Europe\u2019s rockets have been launched from Kourou in South America. Why did Europe choose a spaceport on the other side of the world? 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