{"id":745,"date":"2004-12-09T14:59:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-09T13:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/shake_rattle_and_roll\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:49","slug":"shake_rattle_and_roll","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/shake_rattle_and_roll\/","title":{"rendered":"Ravistamine, kolin ja rokkimine"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Kosmos on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt vaenulik keskkond. Kosmoselaevad peavad taluma \u00e4\u00e4rmuslikku kuumust ja k\u00fclma, kiirgust, magnetv\u00e4lju, meteoriite, teiste kosmoselaevade j\u00e4\u00e4tmeid ja \u00f5hu puudumist.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Kuna kosmoses\u00f5idukite ehitamine ja orbiidile saatmine on kulukas, tahame, et need kestaksid v\u00f5imalikult kaua. Kui satelliidid peavad kosmoses palju aastaid vastu pidama, peavad nad l\u00e4bima (ja edukalt sooritama!) palju katseid maapinnal.<\/p>\n

Esimene oht, millega satelliidid peavad toime tulema, on raketi stardi ajal tekkiv tugev m\u00fcra ja v\u00e4rin. Seda testitakse, raputades satelliiti ja suunates selle peale heli, mis tuleb spetsiaalses kambris asuvatest hiiglaslikest k\u00f5laritest.<\/p>\n

Teine oht, millega satelliidid kosmoses toime peavad tulema, on \u00e4\u00e4rmuslikult k\u00f5rged ja madalad temperatuurid. P\u00e4ikesest tulenevat \u00e4\u00e4rmuslikku kuumust simuleeritakse \u00f5huvabas kambris, mis on varustatud v\u00f5imsate lampide ja peeglitega. V\u00e4ga madalaid temperatuure tekitatakse, pumbates vedelat l\u00e4mmastikku kambri seintes olevate torude kaudu.<\/p>\n

Selleks et veenduda, et elektris\u00fcsteemid t\u00f6\u00f6tavad, paigutatakse satelliit tugevasse magnetv\u00e4lja, mis v\u00f5ib p\u00f5hjustada elektrilisi rikkeid. Arvutid j\u00e4lgivad k\u00f5ike, mis kosmoselaeval nende katsumuste ajal toimub.<\/p>\n

Rohkem kui aasta jooksul testitakse ja kontrollitakse uuesti iga kosmoselaeva osa. Kui kosmoselaev on kokku pandud, testitakse seda veel kord. Alles siis on insenerid veendunud, et nende \u201elapsuke\u201c saavutab orbiidile j\u00f5udes edu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Outer space is extremely hostile. Spacecraft have to survive extremes of hot and cold, radiation, magnetic fields, meteorites, debris from other spacecraft and lack of air. Since spacecraft are expensive […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/06\/gaia_antenna_in_test_chamber2\/17893611-2-eng-GB\/Gaia_antenna_in_test_chamber.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Gaia antenna in test chamber","esa_banner_credit":"Astrium\u2013A. Martin, 2012","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/06\/Gaia_antenna_in_test_chamber2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=745"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/745\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1888,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/745\/revisions\/1888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=745"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}