{"id":694,"date":"2012-11-30T14:15:00","date_gmt":"2012-11-30T13:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/europe_s_comet_explorers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:13","slug":"europe_s_comet_explorers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/europe_s_comet_explorers\/","title":{"rendered":"Euroopa komeetide uurijad"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

13. m\u00e4rtsil 1986 saatis ESA kosmoselaev \u201eGiotto\u201d tagasi pilte mustast, kartulikujulisest objektist, mis paiskas kosmosesse helkivaid ainejoad. See oli esimene kord, kui keegi n\u00e4gi komeedi s\u00fcdames asuvat tahket tuuma.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Giotto sihtm\u00e4rgiks oli Halley komeet, mis sai nime 17. sajandi Briti astronoomi Edmond Halley j\u00e4rgi. Ta oli esimene, kes m\u00f5istis, et see heleda s\u00e4raga komeet on korrap\u00e4rane k\u00fclaline, kes naaseb P\u00e4ikeses\u00fcsteemi sisemisse osasse iga 75\u201376 aasta j\u00e4rel. Selle j\u00e4rgmine k\u00fclask\u00e4ik meie taevasse on kavandatud aastaks 2061.<\/p>\n

Halley komeet on k\u00f5ige kuulsam miljonite P\u00e4ikese \u00fcmber tiirlevate komeetide hulgast. Isegi kui see asub P\u00e4ikeses\u00fcsteemi \u00e4\u00e4realade pimeduses, m\u00f5jutab Halley ikkagi meie planeeti. Igal oktoobril l\u00e4bib Maa komeedi poolt maha j\u00e4etud peene tolmu voolu, mis p\u00f5hjustab Orionidide meteoorivihma. Halley komeeti peetakse ka Eta-Aquaridide meteoorivihma tekitajaks, mis toimub igal aastal mais. Need meteoorid, mida sageli nimetatakse \u201clangevateks t\u00e4htedeks\u201d, on heledad j\u00e4ljed, mille j\u00e4tavad maha v\u00e4ikesed, kiiresti liikuvad komeedi killud, mis p\u00f5levad \u00e4ra Maa atmosf\u00e4\u00e4ris.<\/p>\n

\"Rosetta
Rosetta tiirleb komeedi 67P\/T\u0161\u00fcrjumov-Gerasimenko \u00fcmber<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

P\u00e4rast Giotto m\u00e4rkimisv\u00e4\u00e4rset edu on kosmoses\u00f5idukitega uuritud ka teisi komeete. K\u00f5ige ambitsioonikam missioon on aga ESA komeeti j\u00e4litav kosmoses\u00f5iduk Rosetta, mis j\u00f5uab komeedi T\u0161urjumov-Gerasimenko juurde 2014. aastal. \u201eRosetta\u201c lendab tuuma k\u00f5rval, uurides p\u00f5hjalikult muutusi, mis toimuvad, kui P\u00e4ike seda soojendab. Samuti laseb ta v\u00e4lja v\u00e4ikese kosmoses\u00f5iduki nimega \u201ePhilae\u201c, et teha esimene pehme maandumine komeedile!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On 13 March 1986, ESA\u2019s Giotto spacecraft sent back pictures of a black, potato-shaped object that was blasting bright jets of material into space. It was the first time that […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/11\/comet_halley_close_up3\/17877183-2-eng-GB\/Comet_Halley_close_up.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Comet Halley close up","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/MPS","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/11\/Comet_Halley_close_up3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=694"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4631,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions\/4631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}