{"id":491,"date":"2011-01-24T13:33:00","date_gmt":"2011-01-24T12:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/black_holes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:49","slug":"black_holes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/black_holes\/","title":{"rendered":"Mustad augud"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Mustad augud on universumi k\u00f5ige kummalisemad objektid. Mustal augul ei ole pinda, nagu planeedil v\u00f5i t\u00e4hel. Selle asemel on see kosmoses piirkond, kus aine on kokku varisenud. Selle katastroofilise kokkuvarisemise tulemusena kontsentreerub tohutu mass uskumatult v\u00e4ikesele alale. Selle piirkonna gravitatsioonij\u00f5ud on nii suur, et sealt ei p\u00e4\u00e4se midagi v\u00e4lja \u2013 isegi mitte valgus.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kuigi musti auke ei ole v\u00f5imalik n\u00e4ha, teame nende olemasolust selle j\u00e4rgi, kuidas nad m\u00f5jutavad l\u00e4hedal asuvat tolmu, t\u00e4hti ja galaktikaid. Paljud neist on \u00fcmbritsetud aineketastega. Kuna need ketad keerlevad nende \u00fcmber nagu keeris, muutuvad nad \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt kuumaks ja kiirgavad r\u00f6ntgenkiirgust.<\/p>\n<p>Mustad augud on v\u00e4ga erineva suurusega. Paljud neist on vaid m\u00f5ni kord P\u00e4ikesest massiivsemad. Need \u2018t\u00e4he massiga\u2019 mustad augud tekivad siis, kui raske t\u00e4ht, mis on umbes 10 korda P\u00e4ikesest raskem, l\u00f5petab oma elu supernoova plahvatusega. T\u00e4he j\u00e4relej\u00e4\u00e4nud osa \u2013 ikka veel mitme P\u00e4ikese massi ulatuses \u2013 kokkuvariseb alaks, mille l\u00e4bim\u00f5\u00f5t on vaid m\u00f5ni kilomeeter.<\/p>\n<p>Enamiku galaktikate, sealhulgas Linnutee, keskmes asuvad supermassiivsed mustad augud. Need v\u00f5ivad olla miljonite v\u00f5i miljardite kordade v\u00f5rra raskemad kui meie P\u00e4ike. Supermassiivsed mustad augud on ka aktiivgalaktikate ja kvasaaridena tuntud iidsete galaktikate energiaallikaks. Kvasaarid v\u00f5ivad olla isegi sadu kordi heledamad kui suurimad tavalised galaktikad.<\/p>\n<p>Mustadesse aukudesse kukkuvad objektid venitatakse s\u00f5na otseses m\u00f5ttes purunemispunktini. Astronaut, kes julgeks liiga l\u00e4hedale minna ja imetaks musta auku, rebitaks \u00fclev\u00f5imsa gravitatsiooni poolt t\u00fckkideks.<\/p>\n<nav class=\"related\" aria-label=\"Seotud\">\n<h2 class=\"related__heading\">Seotud<\/h2>\n<div class=\"grid related__grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/et\/sorte_huller\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Taani<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/et\/zwarte_gaten\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">hollandi keel<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/et\/schwarze_loecher\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Saksa keel<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/et\/svarte_hull\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">norra keel<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/et\/czarne_dziury\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Poola<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/et\/svarta_haal\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Rootsi<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Black holes are the strangest objects in the Universe. A black hole does not have a surface, like a planet or star. Instead, it is a region of space where [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/04\/a_black_hole_and_companion_star_with_supernova2\/17902678-2-eng-GB\/A_black_hole_and_companion_star_with_supernova.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA, NASA and Felix Mirabel (French Atomic Energy Commission & the Institute for Astronomy and Space Physics\/Conicet of Argentina)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/04\/A_black_hole_and_companion_star_with_supernova2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,19],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-story-of-the-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=491"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1634,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491\/revisions\/1634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}