{"id":297,"date":"2019-04-04T12:15:36","date_gmt":"2019-04-04T10:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:26:33","slug":"esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock\/","title":{"rendered":"ESA testib uut pulsarkella"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Millal vaatasid viimati kella? V\u00f5ib-olla on sul k\u00e4ekell v\u00f5i seinakell. Kas oled m\u00f5elnud, kui t\u00e4pne on see aeg, mida need n\u00e4itavad? Igap\u00e4evaelus peavad kellad olema t\u00e4psed vaid m\u00f5ne minuti v\u00f5i sekundi ulatuses. Aga mis siis, kui oled teadlane, insener v\u00f5i astronaut? Siis v\u00f5ib sul olla vaja aega v\u00e4ga t\u00e4pselt m\u00f5\u00f5ta. ESA teadlased on hakanud katsetama uut t\u00fc\u00fcpi \u00fclit\u00e4pset kella, mis kasutab pulsareid! See kannab nime \u201cPulChron\u201d ja m\u00f5\u00f5dab aja m\u00f6\u00f6dumist mitmete kiiresti p\u00f6\u00f6rlevate neutronit\u00e4htede millisekundisageduslike raadioimpulsside abil!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Neutront\u00e4hed on uskumatult tihedad taevakehad, mis on tekkinud plahvatavate t\u00e4htede kokkuvarisenud tuumadest. Tavap\u00e4raste t\u00e4htede ja planeetidega v\u00f5rreldes on need pisikesed \u2013 l\u00e4bim\u00f5\u00f5duga vaid umbes 10\u201320 km \u2013, kuid neis on rohkem \u201cainet\u201d, mida nimetatakse massiks, kui P\u00e4ikeses! M\u00f5nikord p\u00f6\u00f6rlevad neutronit\u00e4hed v\u00e4ga kiiresti. Neid nimetatakse siis pulsarideks, ja just neid kasutavad PulChroni teadlased. P\u00f6\u00f6rlemise k\u00e4igus saadavad pulsarid v\u00e4lja raadiosignaalide kiiri, mida on v\u00f5imalik Maal tuvastada. See toimib umbes nii, nagu me n\u00e4eme majaka vilkuvaid tulesid. Need raadiosignaalide pursed on nii korrap\u00e4rased, et neist v\u00f5iks luua v\u00e4ga t\u00e4pse kellas\u00fcsteemi \u2013 just seda PulChroni meeskondki praegu katsetab.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"768\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/12\/PulChron_setup\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/12\/pulchron_setup\/19174617-1-eng-GB\/PulChron_setup.jpg\" alt=\"PulChron setup\"><figcaption>PulChroni seadistamine<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Oleme juba leiutanud m\u00f5ned v\u00e4ga head meetodid aja m\u00f5\u00f5tmiseks. Meie seni parim viis on seade, mida nimetatakse aatomkellaks. Aatomites olevad elektronid suudavad neelduda v\u00f5i vabastada v\u00e4ga t\u00e4pseid energiakoguseid. See energia vabaneb valguslaine kujul, millel on kindel sagedus \u2013 teatud arv t\u00e4islaineid sekundis \u2013, mida saab kasutada aja m\u00f5\u00f5tmiseks, t\u00e4pselt nagu pendli t\u00e4isv\u00f5ngete arv minutis juhib vanaisa kella t\u00f6\u00f6d.<\/p>\n<p>Aatomkellad v\u00f5ivad olla paremad l\u00fchiajalistes ajavahemikes, n\u00e4iteks aastate jooksul, kuid PulChroni-taolised pulsarkellad v\u00f5ivad olla paremad aastak\u00fcmnete jooksul, mille j\u00e4rel \u00fcksikud aatomkellad v\u00f5ivad rikki minna. See t\u00e4hendab, et pulsarkellad v\u00f5ivad olla v\u00e4ga kasulikud tulevaste satelliitnavigatsioonis\u00fcsteemide jaoks, nagu n\u00e4iteks ESA Galileo, mis n\u00f5uavad \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt t\u00e4pset aja m\u00f5\u00f5tmist paljude aastate jooksul.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3895\" data-credit=\"Mike Peel; Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester.\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/12\/Lovell_Telescope_Jodrell_Bank\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/12\/lovell_telescope_jodrell_bank\/19173940-1-eng-GB\/Lovell_Telescope_Jodrell_Bank.jpg\" alt=\"Lovell Telescope, Jodrell Bank\"><figcaption>Lovelli teleskoop, Jodrell Bank<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Mis juhtub aga siis, kui pulsari andmed moonutuvad \u2013 n\u00e4iteks gravitatsioonilainete t\u00f5ttu, mis on nagu v\u00f5imsate kosmiliste s\u00fcndmuste poolt p\u00f5hjustatud lained kosmoses? See v\u00f5ib l\u00fchiajaliselt tekitada mulje, nagu p\u00f6\u00f6rleks pulsar kiiremini v\u00f5i aeglasemalt. PulChroni meeskond on seda arvestanud ja kasutab seet\u00f5ttu viit suurt raadioteleskoopi \u00fcle kogu Euroopa, et j\u00e4lgida mitte \u00fchte, vaid koguni 18 pulsarit!\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>V\u00f5ib-olla muutuvad pulsarkellad tulevikus \u00fcha levinumaks ja aitavad koos aatomkelladega meil aega m\u00f5\u00f5ta paremini kui kunagi varem!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"6500\" data-credit=\"ESA-P. Carril\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/07\/Galileo_satellite_in_orbit\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/07\/galileo_satellite_in_orbit\/14632177-1-eng-GB\/Galileo_satellite_in_orbit.jpg\" alt=\"Galileo satellite in orbit\"><figcaption>Galileo satelliit orbiidil<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><i>Huvitav fakt: Pulsarid avastas 1967. aastal Suurbritannia astronoom Jocelyn Bell Burnell. Esialgu arvas ta, et need v\u00f5ivad olla t\u00f5endiks sellest, et arukad tulnukad p\u00fc\u00fcavad meiega suhelda!\u00a0<\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When was the last time you checked the time? Maybe you have a wristwatch, or a clock on the wall. Did you stop to think about how accurate the time [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/05\/crab_on_lcd\/16946171-1-eng-GB\/Crab_on_LCD.jpg","esa_banner_description":"A pulsar is hidden deep within this supernova bubble. Copyright: NASA, ESA, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA\/NRAO\/AUI\/NSF; Chandra\/CXC; Spitzer\/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton\/ESA; and Hubble\/STScI, CC BY 4.0","esa_banner_credit":"NASA, ESA, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA\/NRAO\/AUI\/NSF; Chandra\/CXC; Spitzer\/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton\/ESA; and Hubble\/STScI,CC BY 4.0","esa_banner_licence":"CC BY 4.0 INT or ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/05\/Crab_on_LCD","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4394,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions\/4394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}