{"id":181,"date":"2021-12-02T12:51:04","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:51:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:12","slug":"spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter\/","title":{"rendered":"Astronoomid kasutavad ESA kosmoseteleskoopi kadunud aine leidmiseks"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>K\u00f5ik, mida me kosmoses n\u00e4eme \u2013 n\u00e4iteks t\u00e4hed, planeedid ja isegi inimesed \u2013, koosneb ainet\u00fc\u00fcbist, mida nimetatakse bar\u00fconideks. Siiski n\u00e4ib, et suur osa universumi bar\u00fconidest on kadunud, ja nende leidmine on osutunud v\u00e4ga keeruliseks. R\u00fchm astronoome, kes kasutab ESA kosmoseteleskoobi XMM-Newtonit, on aidanud seda kosmilist m\u00f5istatust lahendada!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Me teame, kui palju bar\u00fcone peaks universumis olema, uurides niinimetatud kosmilist mikrolaine-taustkiirgust, mis on vanim valgus, mis p\u00e4rineb vaid 380 000 aastat p\u00e4rast Suurt Pauku. K\u00f5ik bar\u00fconid n\u00e4ivad olevat olemas olnud m\u00f5ne miljardi aasta jooksul, kuid seej\u00e4rel kaob umbes pool neist!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"700\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/Spider_senses2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/spider_senses2\/17900532-2-eng-GB\/Spider_senses.jpg\" alt=\"Spider senses\"><figcaption>\u00c4mblikmeeled<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Fabrizio Nicastro on \u00fcks teadlastest, kes p\u00fc\u00fcab seda m\u00f5istatust lahendada. Ta selgitab: \u201cKadunud bar\u00fconid on \u00fcks kaasaegse astrof\u00fc\u00fcsika suurimaid m\u00f5istatusi. Me teame, et see aine peab kusagil olemas olema \u2013 n\u00e4eme seda varases universumis \u2013, kuid seej\u00e4rel ei suuda me seda enam leida. Kuhu see kadus?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Kui kokku lugeda k\u00f5ik kosmoses olevad t\u00e4hed ja gaas ning k\u00f5ik muu, mida astronoomid leida suutsid, j\u00e4i ikkagi puudu 40% barioone. Nad oskavad t\u00f5epoolest h\u00e4sti end peita! Fabrizio ja tema s\u00f5brad otsustasid oma otsingute abistamiseks kasutada spetsiaalset teleskoopi: ESA XMM-Newtonit. See teleskoop asub kosmoses ja j\u00e4lgib pigem r\u00f6ntgenkiirgust kui tavalist valgust, mida meie silmad n\u00e4evad.<\/p>\n<p>Julged astronoomid kasutasid XMM-Newtoni, et uurida kvasari \u2013 see on massiivne galaktika, mille keskmes asub supermassiivne must auk, mis t\u00f5mbab endasse ainet ja kiirgab palju r\u00f6ntgenkiirgust! Andmeid hoolikalt uurides leidsid nad m\u00e4rke hapnikust, mis peitub meie ja kvasari vahelises kosmoses. Seda pole me varem kunagi n\u00e4inud! Fabrizio selgitab: \u201cSeal asuvad tohutud ainevarud \u2013 sealhulgas hapnik \u2013 ja just sellises koguses, nagu me ootasime, nii et saame l\u00f5puks t\u00e4ita l\u00fcnga universumi barioonide bilansis.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"5945\" data-credit=\"Illustrations and composition: ESA \/ ATG medialab; data: ESA \/ XMM-Newton \/ F. Nicastro et al. 2018; cosmological simulation: R. Cen\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/Detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium\/17892168-2-eng-GB\/Detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium.jpg\" alt=\"Detecting the warm-hot intergalactic medium\"><figcaption>Sooja ja kuuma galaktikatevahelise keskkonna tuvastamine<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Kadunud bar\u00fconid on peitunud omamoodi kuumas udus, mis ulatub galaktikatevahelises ruumis sadade tuhandete valgusaastate kaugusele. M\u00f5istatus on lahendatud ja n\u00fc\u00fcd saavad astronoomid hakata neid bar\u00fcone uurima, et neist rohkem teada saada!<\/p>\n<p><b>Huvitav fakt:<\/b> Kuigi bariooniline aine moodustab kogu selle, mida me n\u00e4eme, moodustab see vaid 5% kogu universumi ainest! Salap\u00e4rane tumeaine moodustab umbes 25% ja tumeenergia umbes 70%.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Everything we see in space, such as stars, planets and even people, is made from a type of matter called baryons. However, a lot of the baryons in the Universe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/xmm-newton\/17910751-2-eng-GB\/XMM-Newton.jpg","esa_banner_description":"XMM-Newton","esa_banner_credit":"ESA-C. Carreau","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/XMM-Newton","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4345,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions\/4345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}