{"id":909,"date":"2004-11-19T08:41:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T07:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_astronauts\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:38","slug":"esa_astronauts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/esa_astronauts\/","title":{"rendered":"Astronautas de la ESA"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Durante m\u00e1s de 30 a\u00f1os, los europeos han disfrutado de las maravillas del viaje espacial, siendo pioneros Vladimir Remek (Checoslovaquia), Miroslav Hermaszewski (Polonia) y Sigmund J\u00e4hn (Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica Alemana). Los tres viajaron hasta la estaci\u00f3n espacial sovi\u00e9tica Salyut 6 en visitas de una semana de duraci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Desde 1978, ha habido 52 misiones en las que participaron 33 astronautas de los Estados miembros de la ESA. Los tres primeros astronautas de la ESA seleccionados para viajar al espacio fueron Ulf Merbold (Alemania), Wubbo Ockels (Holanda) y Claude Nicollier (Suiza).<\/p>\n

Merbold fue el primero en volar, en 1983. Particip\u00f3 en la misi\u00f3n STS-9 del transbordador espacial, el primer vuelo del Spacelab de la ESA. Ockels vol\u00f3 en el transbordador dos a\u00f1os m\u00e1s tarde. Claude Nicollier tuvo que esperar 14 a\u00f1os para su primer vuelo (el STS-46 en 1992), pero finalmente realiz\u00f3 cuatro viajes al espacio, m\u00e1s que ning\u00fan otro astronauta de la ESA.<\/p>\n

El Cuerpo de Astronautas de la ESA se cre\u00f3 en 1998. En la actualidad, hay 14 astronautas de la ESA: cuatro de Italia, tres de Francia, dos de Alemania, uno de Suecia, uno de B\u00e9lgica, uno de los Pa\u00edses Bajos, uno de Dinamarca y uno del Reino Unido. Seis de ellos fueron seleccionados en 2009.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

For more than 30 years, Europeans have been enjoying the wonders of space travel. The early pioneers were Vladimir Remek (Czechoslovakia), Miroslav Hermaszewski (Poland) and Sigmund J\u00e4hn (East Germany). They […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/10\/the_european_astronaut_corps2\/17902086-2-eng-GB\/The_European_Astronaut_Corps.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The European Astronaut Corps","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - J-L. Atteleyn","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/10\/The_European_Astronaut_Corps2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[28,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronauts","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=909"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2052,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions\/2052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=909"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}