{"id":637,"date":"2013-10-16T09:57:00","date_gmt":"2013-10-16T07:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:34","slug":"herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker\/","title":{"rendered":"Herschel: ESA\u2019s superk\u00f8lige varmes\u00f8ger"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Den 14. maj 2009 blev to af de mest f\u00f8lsomme rumobservatorier, der nogensinde er bygget, opsendt fra Kourou i Fransk Guyana. Om bord p\u00e5 den europ\u00e6iske Ariane 5-raket var Herschel, verdens mest kraftfulde varmes\u00f8gende rumteleskop, og Planck, der var designet til at unders\u00f8ge den svage str\u00e5ling, der fyldte universet umiddelbart efter Big Bang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Alt ved ESA\u2019s Herschel-rumobservatorium var stort. Satellitten var ca. 7 meter h\u00f8j og 4,3 meter bred og vejede 3,25 ton. Dens teleskop havde et hovedspejl med en diameter p\u00e5 3,5 meter, det st\u00f8rste, der nogensinde er bygget til et videnskabeligt rumfart\u00f8j.<\/p>\n

Observatoriet blev opkaldt efter en anden videnskabelig gigant, den tyske amat\u00f8rastronom og musiker William Herschel, der opdagede planeten Uranus i 1781. 19 \u00e5r senere opdagede han ogs\u00e5 en form for usynligt lys, som forskerne kalder \u201cinfrar\u00f8d str\u00e5ling\u201d. Vi kalder det ofte blot \u201cvarme\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"Andromeda<\/figure>\n

Herschel-observatoriet blev sendt ud i en s\u00e6rlig bane 1,5 millioner kilometer v\u00e6k, langt nok til at undg\u00e5 problemer for\u00e5rsaget af varme fra Jorden, der kunne forstyrre observationerne. Dets tre instrumenter blev afk\u00f8let med flydende helium, s\u00e5 deres temperatur l\u00e5 t\u00e6t p\u00e5 det absolutte nulpunkt (-273 \u00b0C).<\/p>\n

Herschel blev brugt til at unders\u00f8ge det \u2018kolde\u2019 univers. Dets superkolde \u2018\u00f8jne\u2019 kunne se igennem st\u00f8vskyer for at unders\u00f8ge stjernedannelsesomr\u00e5der og galaksernes centre samt opdage skjulte stjerner og planeter. Det var ogs\u00e5 i stand til at opspore fjerne galakser for at kaste nyt lys over, hvordan de blev dannet for milliarder af \u00e5r siden.<\/p>\n

Herschels banebrydende videnskabelige mission sluttede den 29. april 2013, da forr\u00e5det af helium som k\u00f8lemiddel l\u00f8b t\u00f8r. Satellitten blev dog fortsat brugt til banetests, indtil den endelige kommando om at lukke den ned blev sendt den 17. juni.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On 14 May 2009, two of the most sensitive space observatories ever built were launched from Kourou in French Guiana. On board Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 rocket were Herschel, the world\u2019s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/05\/herschel_under_discussion2\/17880624-2-eng-GB\/Herschel_under_discussion.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - C. Carreau","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/05\/Herschel_under_discussion2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=637"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4600,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637\/revisions\/4600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}