{"id":633,"date":"2004-12-02T15:58:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/european_rockets\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:31","slug":"european_rockets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/european_rockets\/","title":{"rendered":"Europ\u00e6iske raketter"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Raketter bruges til at sende satellitter og rumf\u00e6rger ud i rummet. Deres kraftfulde motorer g\u00f8r det muligt at sende rumfart\u00f8jer ud i rummet med utrolige hastigheder og bringe dem i den rette bane. Europas vigtigste raketfamilie er Ariane. Siden 1979 er der blevet affyret fem hovedtyper af Ariane-raketter fra Kourou, Europas rumhavn i Fransk Guyana.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Grundversionen af Ariane-5, kaldet Ariane-5 Generic, gennemf\u00f8rte sin f\u00f8rste succesfulde flyvning i 1997. Den vejede 750 ton ved opsendelsen. Den kunne sende to satellitter med en samlet v\u00e6gt p\u00e5 over seks ton i kredsl\u00f8b.<\/p>\n

For at kunne konkurrere med store l\u00f8fteraketter fra andre lande er der udviklet mere kraftfulde Ariane 5-raketter. Ariane-5 ECA kan sende op til 10 ton i kredsl\u00f8b og vil i fremtiden kunne sende endnu mere end dette. En anden version, kaldet Ariane-5 ES, bringer de 19 ton tunge Automated Transfer Vehicles (ATV'er) i lavt kredsl\u00f8b om Jorden som det f\u00f8rste skridt p\u00e5 deres rejse mod Den Internationale Rumstation (ISS).<\/p>\n

Selvom kommunikationssatellitter generelt bliver st\u00f8rre og st\u00f8rre, er der stadig behov for en lille b\u00e6reraket til at opsende andre typer satellitter. Europa besluttede at bygge sin egen prisbillige raket med fast br\u00e6ndstof, kaldet Vega. Denne raket kan sende satellitter, der vejer mellem 300 og 2000 kg, i forskellige baner. Vegas f\u00f8rste opsendelse fra Kourou fandt sted den 13. februar 2012.<\/p>\n

Europa indgik ogs\u00e5 en aftale med Rusland om at opsende Soyuz-raketter fra Kourou. Den f\u00f8rste Soyuz-opsendelse fra Sydamerika fandt sted den 21. oktober 2011. Soyuz er en mellemstor raket, som Rusland har anvendt med succes i mange \u00e5r. ESA-satellitter som Cluster og Mars Express blev tidligere opsendt med Soyuz fra Baikonur-kosmodromen i Kasakhstan. Derfra opsendes ogs\u00e5 bemandede missioner til ISS.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rockets are used to launch satellites and Space Shuttles into space. Their powerful engines allow spacecraft to be blasted into space at incredible speeds, putting them into the correct orbit. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2002\/02\/artist_s_impression_of_an_ariane_5_eca2\/17864677-3-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_an_Ariane_5_ECA.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA-D. Ducros","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2002\/02\/Artist_s_impression_of_an_Ariane_5_ECA2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,41,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-rockets-technology","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=633"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1776,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633\/revisions\/1776"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=633"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}