{"id":985,"date":"2005-09-09T10:02:00","date_gmt":"2005-09-09T08:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/swollen_ozone_hole_over_south_pole\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:32","slug":"swollen_ozone_hole_over_south_pole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/swollen_ozone_hole_over_south_pole\/","title":{"rendered":"Zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e1 ozonov\u00e1 d\u00edra nad Ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lem"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Vysoko nad ledov\u00fdm kontinentem Antarktidy hl\u00edd\u00e1 kosmick\u00e1 sonda Envisat agentury ESA \u2013 a to, co jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje zaznamen\u00e1vaj\u00ed, je pon\u011bkud znepokojiv\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

N\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty a chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bkem spole\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed vznik \u2018d\u00edry\u2019 v ozonov\u00e9 vrstv\u011b. A zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee leto\u0161n\u00ed ozonov\u00e1 d\u00edra bude jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v historii.<\/p>\n

Do poloviny srpna 2005 se jeho rozloha ji\u017e zv\u011bt\u0161ila na 10 milion\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch kilometr\u016f \u2013 co\u017e je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b stejn\u00e1 rozloha jako Evropa. A o\u010dek\u00e1valo se, \u017ee se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ozonov\u00e1 d\u00edra byla poprv\u00e9 objevena v polovin\u011b 80. let a satelity ESA ji nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b sleduj\u00ed od roku 1995. Z jejich z\u00e1znam\u016f vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee v tomto ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed byly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pouze ozonov\u00e9 d\u00edry z let 1996 a 2000.<\/p>\n

\"ESA's
Envisat, environment\u00e1ln\u00ed dru\u017eice Evropsk\u00e9 kosmick\u00e9 agentury (ESA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ozon je forma kysl\u00edku. Mal\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed ozonu se vyskytuj\u00ed ve stratosf\u00e9\u0159e, ve v\u00fd\u0161ce mezi 20 a 50 km nad Zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pro n\u00e1s n\u00e1s ozonov\u00e1 vrstva chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm ultrafialov\u00fdm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit rakovinu k\u016f\u017ee. Ozon v\u0161ak ni\u010d\u00ed chemick\u00e9 reakce, k nim\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed ve vysok\u00fdch oblac\u00edch za \u00fa\u010dasti chloru vyprodukovan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bkem.<\/p>\n

S p\u0159\u00edchodem pol\u00e1rn\u00edho jara vede kombinace n\u00e1vratu slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla a chemick\u00fdch reakc\u00ed s chlorem k rozkladu molekul ozonu na kysl\u00edk. Jedna molekula chloru dok\u00e1\u017ee rozlo\u017eit tis\u00edce molekul ozonu.<\/p>\n

Informace z dru\u017eice Envisat jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed sez\u00f3nn\u00edch zm\u011bn t\u00e9to ochrann\u00e9 vrstvy. Data z dru\u017eice jsou p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1na do slu\u017eby pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed ozonu v t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, na kter\u00e9 se pod\u00edl\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 partner\u016f z 11 zem\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

High above the icy continent of Antarctica, ESA\u2019s Envisat spacecraft is keeping watch – and what its instruments see is rather disturbing. Freezing temperatures and man-made chemicals are combining to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2005\/09\/ozone_forecast_for_9_september2\/17880735-2-eng-GB\/Ozone_forecast_for_9_September.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Ozone forecast for 9 September","esa_banner_credit":"KNMI\/ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2005\/09\/Ozone_forecast_for_9_September2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=985"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4777,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985\/revisions\/4777"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=985"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}