{"id":983,"date":"2009-07-03T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-07-03T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ulysses\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:30","slug":"ulysses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/ulysses\/","title":{"rendered":"Ulysses"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Jedna z nejdel\u0161\u00edch vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch mis\u00ed v historii skon\u010dila 30. \u010dervna 2009, kdy byl kosmick\u00e9 lodi Ulysses, spole\u010dn\u00e9mu projektu ESA a NASA, odesl\u00e1n posledn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz. Sonda Ulysses byla pojmenov\u00e1na po legend\u00e1rn\u00edm \u0159eck\u00e9m hrdinovi, kter\u00fd p\u0159e\u017eil \u010detn\u00e1 dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed b\u011bhem dvacetilet\u00e9 \u201codysseje\u201d daleko od domova. Sonda, vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 v \u0159\u00edjnu 1990, tak\u00e9 za\u017eila na sv\u00e9 cest\u011b mnoho dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed a str\u00e1vila t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b dlouhou dobu zkoum\u00e1n\u00edm nezn\u00e1ma.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>B\u011bhem v\u00edce ne\u017e 18 let str\u00e1ven\u00fdch ve vesm\u00edru dos\u00e1hla sonda Ulysses mnoha pr\u016flomov\u00fdch objev\u016f. B\u011bhem pr\u016fletu kolem Jupiteru v \u00fanoru 1992 siln\u00e1 gravitace t\u00e9to ob\u0159\u00ed planety vymr\u0161tila sondu na jedine\u010dnou ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu, kter\u00e1 ji zavedla daleko nad i pod ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy planet. V\u011bdci tak poprv\u00e9 mohli podrobn\u011b studovat pol\u00e1rn\u00ed oblasti Slunce a jejich souvislosti s nadzvukov\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm v\u011btrem.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA (animation by C.Carreau)\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Media\/Animations\/Ulysses_orbit_animation_2009\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/media\/animations\/ulysses_orbit_animation_2009\/1472-5-eng-GB\/Ulysses_orbit_animation_2009.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/figure>\n<p>O\u010dek\u00e1valo se, \u017ee mise sondy Ulysses skon\u010d\u00ed v roce 1995, ale tato odoln\u00e1 mal\u00e1 sonda pokra\u010dovala d\u00e1l a nakonec absolvovala t\u0159i pr\u016flety nad slune\u010dn\u00edmi p\u00f3ly. Dva z nich se odehr\u00e1ly v dob\u011b, kdy bylo Slunce v klidn\u00e9m stavu, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i pr\u016fletu v letech 2000\u20132001 bylo Slunce ve sv\u00e9 nejbou\u0159liv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi.<\/p>\n<p>Bohu\u017eel se jadern\u00fd zdroj energie na sond\u011b Ulysses postupn\u011b vy\u010derp\u00e1val, a\u017e se tento neohro\u017een\u00fd pr\u016fzkumn\u00edk sotva udr\u017eoval v provozu. K vypnut\u00ed satelitu se m\u011blo doj\u00edt v roce 2008, ale oper\u00e1to\u0159i dok\u00e1zali zabr\u00e1nit jeho zamrznut\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e9 dv\u011b hodiny spou\u0161t\u011bli kr\u00e1tk\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eeh trysky. Ulysses se v\u0161ak st\u00e1le v\u00edce vzdaloval od Zem\u011b a v polovin\u011b roku 2009 ji\u017e kv\u016fli \u0161patn\u00e9 komunikaci p\u0159ich\u00e1zelo jen velmi m\u00e1lo v\u011bdeck\u00fdch dat. Nastal \u010das rozlou\u010dit se s t\u00edmto pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem vesm\u00edru.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the longest space missions ever made came to an end on 30 June 2009 when the final command was sent to the ESA\/NASA Ulysses spacecraft. Ulysses was named [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/06\/artist_s_impression_of_ulysses8\/17893388-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_Ulysses.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist\u2019s impression of Ulysses","esa_banner_credit":"ESA (image by C.Carreau)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/06\/Artist_s_impression_of_Ulysses8","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,35],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-the-sun","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=983"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4775,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/983\/revisions\/4775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}