{"id":970,"date":"2005-07-11T09:32:00","date_gmt":"2005-07-11T07:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/history_s_greatest_comet_hunter\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:21","slug":"history_s_greatest_comet_hunter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/history_s_greatest_comet_hunter\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed lovec komet v historii"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>\u010cas od \u010dasu je pouh\u00fdm okem vid\u011bt jasn\u00e1 kometa s dlouh\u00fdmi, t\u00e1hnouc\u00edmi se ocasy. V posledn\u00edch letech v\u0161ak kosmick\u00e1 sonda SOHO agentur ESA a NASA uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee tyto \u201c\u0161pinav\u00e9 sn\u011bhov\u00e9 koule\u201d jsou mnohem b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e by si kdokoli dok\u00e1zal p\u0159edstavit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sonda SOHO byla navr\u017eena k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Slunce, nikoli k hled\u00e1n\u00ed komet. Jeden z jej\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd LASCO, slou\u017e\u00ed k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry Slunce (korony). D\u00edky n\u011bmu se v\u0161ak SOHO stala nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edm lovcem komet v historii.<\/p>\n<p>LASCO zkoum\u00e1 slabou kor\u00f3nu t\u00edm, \u017ee blokuje jasn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo. D\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee LASCO n\u00e1hodou detekovat i mal\u00e9 komety, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b ke Slunci. V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto ledov\u00fdch vet\u0159elc\u016f se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a\u017e na vzd\u00e1lenost 800 000 km od povrchu Slunce, co\u017e je tak bl\u00edzko, \u017ee se vypa\u0159\u00ed nebo spadnou do jeho \u017ehav\u00e9 pece.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3055\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/09\/SOHO_spacecraft2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/09\/soho_spacecraft2\/17865750-3-eng-GB\/SOHO_spacecraft.jpg\" alt=\"SOHO spacecraft\"><figcaption>Kosmick\u00e1 sonda SOHO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ne\u017e byla v prosinci 1995 vypu\u0161t\u011bna sonda SOHO, byly pomoc\u00ed kosmick\u00fdch sond objeveny pouze 16 komet let\u00edc\u00edch v bl\u00edzkosti Slunce. Do 6. \u010dervence 2005 objevila samotn\u00e1 sonda SOHO nejm\u00e9n\u011b 990 komet. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sonda SOHO objevila t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovinu v\u0161ech komet, jejich\u017e dr\u00e1hy byly od po\u010d\u00e1tku historie vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1ny. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed po\u010det letos v l\u00e9t\u011b p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed hranici 1 000 a bude d\u00e1le stoupat.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoho z t\u011bchto objev\u016f u\u010dinili amat\u00e9\u0159i na z\u00e1klad\u011b sn\u00edmk\u016f z dru\u017eice SOHO dostupn\u00fdch na internetu. Lovci komet z projektu SOHO poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z mnoha zem\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, \u010c\u00edny, Japonska, Tchaj-wanu, Ruska, Ukrajiny, Francie, N\u011bmecka a Litvy.<\/p>\n<p>Komety jsou kusy ledu a prachu \u2013 \u2018zbytky\u2019 z doby vzniku planet p\u0159ed 4,5 miliardami let.<\/p>\n<nav class=\"related\" aria-label=\"Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed\">\n<h2 class=\"related__heading\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed<\/h2>\n<div class=\"grid related__grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/build_a_soho_spacecraft\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-bg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/11\/artist_s_impression_of_soho_spacecraft2\/17874814-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_SOHO_spacecraft.jpg\" alt=\"Test your skills - build your own SOHO spacecraft\" loading=\"lazy\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Otestujte si sv\u00e9 schopnosti \u2013 sestavte si vlastn\u00ed kosmickou lo\u010f typu SOHO<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From time to time a bright comet with long, trailing tails becomes visible with the naked eye. However, in recent years the ESA \/ NASA SOHO spacecraft has shown that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/09\/soho_see_two_comets_plunging_into_the_sun2\/17885766-2-eng-GB\/SOHO_see_two_comets_plunging_into_the_Sun.gif","esa_banner_description":"SOHO see two comets plunging into the Sun","esa_banner_credit":"SOHO\/LASCO (ESA\/NASA)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/09\/SOHO_see_two_comets_plunging_into_the_Sun2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-970","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=970"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4763,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/970\/revisions\/4763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}