{"id":939,"date":"2004-12-03T10:20:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/losing_the_ozone_layer\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:00","slug":"losing_the_ozone_layer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/losing_the_ozone_layer\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dabytek ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Trp\u011bli jste n\u011bkdy sp\u00e1len\u00edm od slunce? Toto sp\u00e1len\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee je zp\u016fsobeno ultrafialov\u00fdm (UV) z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm ze Slunce. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 sp\u00e1len\u00ed je nejen bolestiv\u00e9, ale m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k rakovin\u011b k\u016f\u017ee.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pohlcov\u00e1no vrstvou ozonu ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 20\u201350 km nad Zem\u00ed. Ozon je v\u0161ak forma kysl\u00edku, kterou mohou n\u011bkter\u00e9 um\u011ble vyroben\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie snadno zni\u010dit.<\/p>\n<p>V roce 1987 se p\u0159edn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 zem\u011b dohodly na postupn\u00e9m vy\u0159azen\u00ed t\u011bchto chemik\u00e1li\u00ed z pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. I p\u0159esto v\u0161ak satelitn\u00ed sn\u00edmky uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee k zten\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ozonov\u00e9 vrstvy nad Antarktidou doch\u00e1z\u00ed i nad\u00e1le. Ozonov\u00e1 d\u00edra dos\u00e1hla rekordn\u00ed velikosti v roce 2000, kdy pokr\u00fdvala plochu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 30 milion\u016f km\u00b2, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 zhruba rozloze severoamerick\u00e9ho kontinentu. V roce 2006 do\u0161lo k je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu \u00fabytku ozonu z atmosf\u00e9ry, i kdy\u017e byla d\u00edra o n\u011bco men\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nad Arktidou se rovn\u011b\u017e objevily men\u0161\u00ed ozonov\u00e9 d\u00edry. Tyto d\u00edry umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed, aby se do hust\u011b os\u00eddlen\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Evropy dost\u00e1valo v\u00edce ultrafialov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA\/KNMI\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/09\/Ozone_hole_forecast_from_today_to_9_September2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/09\/ozone_hole_forecast_from_today_to_9_september2\/17878144-2-eng-GB\/Ozone_hole_forecast_from_today_to_9_September.jpg\" alt=\"Ozone hole forecast from today to 9 September\"><figcaption>P\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f ozonov\u00e9 d\u00edry od dne\u0161n\u00edho dne do 9. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Satelity ESA, jako jsou MetOp a Envisat, hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve v\u00fdzkumu ozonov\u00e9 d\u00edry. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm sledovat velikost d\u00edry a l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt tomu, co zp\u016fsobuje jej\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di zmen\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed evropsk\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e1 dru\u017eice na pol\u00e1rn\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze, MetOp-A, je vybavena modern\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstrojem pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed ozonu. Dru\u017eice Envisat je vybavena t\u0159emi p\u0159\u00edstroji, kter\u00e9 mohou zkoumat ozon a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bj p\u016fsob\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever suffered from sunburn? This burning of the skin is caused by ultraviolet (UV) light from the Sun. Serious burning is not only painful, but it may cause [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/09\/ozone_sky2\/17877959-2-eng-GB\/ozone_sky.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/09\/ozone_sky2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[64,42,10],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-earth","category-learn","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=939"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4749,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/939\/revisions\/4749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=939"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}