{"id":937,"date":"2004-12-03T10:18:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/earthquakes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:59","slug":"earthquakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/earthquakes\/","title":{"rendered":"Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed katastrofy. V\u011bt\u0161ina \u00famrt\u00ed je zp\u016fsobena z\u0159\u00edcen\u00edm budov nebo po\u017e\u00e1ry.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok doch\u00e1z\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b k n\u011bkolika milion\u016fm zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e1 z nich v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nezaznamen\u00e1na, proto\u017ee se odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed v odlehl\u00fdch oblastech nebo jsou velmi slab\u00e1. V pr\u016fm\u011bru doch\u00e1z\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok k 18 siln\u00fdm zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm a k jednomu velk\u00e9mu zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>K posledn\u00edmu velk\u00e9mu zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed do\u0161lo na ostrov\u011b Haiti v Karibiku. Haitsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da uvedla, \u017ee zem\u0159elo 230 000 lid\u00ed, 300 000 bylo zran\u011bno a jeden milion lid\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo o st\u0159echu nad hlavou.<\/p>\n<p>Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed se nej\u010dast\u011bji vyskytuj\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti velk\u00fdch trhlin v zemsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako \u201czlomy\u201d. \u010casto k nim doch\u00e1z\u00ed v ji\u017en\u00ed Evrop\u011b, kde se ke sob\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed dv\u011b velk\u00e9 desky zemsk\u00e9 k\u016fry.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2002\/02\/Satellite_image_of_the_1999_earthquake_in_Turkey2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2002\/02\/satellite_image_of_the_1999_earthquake_in_turkey2\/17864417-3-eng-GB\/Satellite_image_of_the_1999_earthquake_in_Turkey.jpg\" alt=\"Satellite image of the 1999 earthquake in Turkey\"><figcaption>Satelitn\u00ed sn\u00edmek zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Turecku z roku 1999<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Radarov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje na dru\u017eic\u00edch ERS-2 a Envisat agentury ESA umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed zjistit, zda se povrch pohybuje. Jsou schopny m\u011b\u0159it tento pohyb s p\u0159esnost\u00ed na n\u011bkolik milimetr\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Radar lze rovn\u011b\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edt k mapov\u00e1n\u00ed a posouzen\u00ed \u0161kod na budov\u00e1ch, a to ve dne i v noci. To je velkou pomoc\u00ed pro z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 a obnovovac\u00ed t\u00fdmy.<\/p>\n<p>Dosud neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd spolehliv\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak p\u0159edpov\u00eddat zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. Satelity Evropsk\u00e9 kosmick\u00e9 agentury (ESA) v\u0161ak poskytuj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 informace, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u011bdc\u016fm v jejich pr\u00e1ci pomoci. Data shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu mnoha let pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u00eddat budouc\u00ed zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a odhalovat skryt\u00e9 zlomy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Earthquakes are the deadliest of all natural disasters. Most deaths are caused by collapsing buildings or fires. Several million earthquakes occur in the world each year. However, many of these [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/02\/bam_earthquake2\/17900457-2-eng-GB\/Bam_earthquake.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Bam earthquake","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo \/Kamran Jebreili","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/02\/Bam_earthquake2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=937"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4747,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937\/revisions\/4747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}