{"id":933,"date":"2004-12-03T10:14:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/volcanoes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:56","slug":"volcanoes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/volcanoes\/","title":{"rendered":"Sopky"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Na sv\u011bt\u011b je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 500 aktivn\u00edch sopek, z nich\u017e ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b vybuchuje asi 50. V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto sopek se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v okol\u00ed Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu \u2013 v p\u00e1su zn\u00e1m\u00e9m jako tichomo\u0159sk\u00fd \u201cOhniv\u00fd prsten\u201d. I Evropa m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 sopky, jako jsou Etna a Vesuv, kter\u00e9 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu d\u011bjin vybuchovaly mnohokr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

V bl\u00edzkosti aktivn\u00ed sopky \u017eije nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500 milion\u016f lid\u00ed. Dojde-li k erupci, mohou b\u00fdt okoln\u00ed oblasti pokryty popelem a roz\u017ehavenou l\u00e1vou.<\/p>\n

Pole a budovy mohou b\u00fdt zasyp\u00e1ny. Jedovat\u00e9 plyny, oblaka \u017ehnouc\u00edho popela nebo bahenn\u00ed proudy mohou zab\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo se jim postav\u00ed do cesty. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed dnes satelity pom\u00e1haj\u00ed identifikovat nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sopky.<\/p>\n

\"Sicily's
Etna na Sic\u00edlii na za\u010d\u00e1tku listopadu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Satelity Envisat a ERS-2 agentury ESA zkoumaj\u00ed sopky mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Kamery zachycuj\u00ed proudy l\u00e1vy a oblaka popela. Infra\u010derven\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje detekuj\u00ed horkou l\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 stoup\u00e1 k povrchu.<\/p>\n

Radar dok\u00e1\u017ee sledovat \u201cd\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed\u201d sopky, kdy\u017e se v jej\u00edm nitru pohybuje roztaven\u00e1 hornina. I pouh\u00e9 n\u011bkolikamilimetrov\u00e9 vyboulen\u00ed povrchu m\u016f\u017ee nazna\u010dovat n\u00e1r\u016fst tlaku p\u0159ed erupc\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed senzory identifikuj\u00ed plyny a \u010d\u00e1stice uvol\u0148ovan\u00e9 do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Takov\u00e1 data zachra\u0148uj\u00ed \u017eivoty a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt, kdy dojde k dal\u0161\u00ed erupci. Satelitn\u00ed mapy posti\u017een\u00fdch oblast\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e napom\u00e1haj\u00ed z\u00e1chrann\u00fdm a obnovovac\u00edm prac\u00edm.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There are about 1,500 active volcanoes, with 50 or so erupting each year. Most of these volcanoes are found around the Pacific Ocean \u2013 a belt known as the Pacific […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2002\/12\/etna_-_real_image_1_-_december_20022\/17864232-3-eng-GB\/Etna_-_real_image_1_-_december_2002.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Mount Etna","esa_banner_credit":"Courtesy of P.Chastanet","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2002\/12\/Etna_-_real_image_1_-_december_20022","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=933"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4745,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/933\/revisions\/4745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=933"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}