{"id":932,"date":"2004-11-16T09:12:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-16T08:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cassini-huygens\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:55","slug":"cassini-huygens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/cassini-huygens\/","title":{"rendered":"Cassini\u2013Huygens"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Mise Cassini-Huygens, na kter\u00e9 se pod\u00edlely ESA, NASA a Italsk\u00e1 kosmick\u00e1 agentura, zm\u011bnila mnoho na\u0161ich p\u0159edstav o saturnovsk\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. Sonda byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna z Floridy v \u0159\u00edjnu 1997 a cesta k Saturnu j\u00ed trvala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sedm let, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e urazila t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3,5 miliardy kilometr\u016f. Kosmick\u00e1 lo\u010f o hmotnosti 5,6 tuny se skl\u00e1dala ze dvou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u2013 orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed sondy Cassini a sondy Huygens.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Cassini je prvn\u00ed kosmick\u00e1 sonda, kter\u00e1 ob\u00edh\u00e1 kolem Saturnu. Je vybavena 12 experimenty. Od sv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edletu k Saturnu 1. \u010dervence 2004 zas\u00edl\u00e1 Cassini obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nov\u00fdch informac\u00ed o Saturnu, jeho prstenc\u00edch, m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch a magnetick\u00e9m poli.<\/p>\n

Mise Cassini-Huygens, p\u016fvodn\u011b pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 na \u010dty\u0159i roky, byla natolik \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, \u017ee byla prodlou\u017eena minim\u00e1ln\u011b do roku 2017. Prolet\u011bla kolem sedmi z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b ob\u0159\u00edho Titanu \u2013 kter\u00fd je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e planeta Merkur. Sonda prolet\u011bla kolem Titanu v\u00edce ne\u017e 70kr\u00e1t. P\u0159i p\u0159eletu ve vzd\u00e1lenosti do 880 km od tohoto m\u011bs\u00edce zkoumala jeho oran\u017eov\u00e9 mraky a atmosf\u00e9ru bohatou na dus\u00edk. Pomoc\u00ed zobrazovac\u00edho radaru tak\u00e9 zmapovala jeho povrch.<\/p>\n

Na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den roku 2004 se sonda Huygens odd\u011blila od sondy Cassini. O t\u0159i t\u00fddny pozd\u011bji vlet\u011bla do hust\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry Titanu a stala se tak prvn\u00ed sondou, kter\u00e1 sestoupila na povrch planet\u00e1rn\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce (krom\u011b na\u0161eho M\u011bs\u00edce). Chr\u00e1n\u011bna tepeln\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtem sonda za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i minuty zpomalila z 18 000 na 1 400 km za hodinu. Kr\u00e1tce nato se otev\u0159el velk\u00fd pad\u00e1k. Ve v\u00fd\u0161ce asi 160 km za\u010dala sonda po\u0159izovat sn\u00edmky a zkoumat atmosf\u00e9ru. V\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b hodiny byly p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1ny \u00fadaje z sondy Huygens a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1ny na sondu Cassini, kter\u00e1 let\u011bla nad n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sn\u00edmky a dal\u0161\u00ed informace, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m zaslalo jeho \u0161est p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, n\u00e1m poprv\u00e9 odhalily, jak tento oran\u017eov\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc ve skute\u010dnosti vypad\u00e1. Huygens p\u0159ist\u00e1l na vyschl\u00e9m koryt\u011b \u0159eky pokryt\u00e9m mal\u00fdmi ledov\u00fdmi balvany.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Cassini-Huygens mission, involving ESA, NASA and the Italian Space Agency, has changed many of our ideas about the Saturn system. Launched from Florida in October 1997, it took almost […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/06\/saturn_orbit_insertion_manoeuvre2\/17885286-2-eng-GB\/Saturn_orbit_insertion_manoeuvre.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Saturn orbit insertion manoeuvre","esa_banner_credit":"NASA\/JPL\/Caltech (Illustration by David Seal)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/06\/Saturn_orbit_insertion_manoeuvre2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=932"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2075,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932\/revisions\/2075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}