{"id":927,"date":"2004-11-15T16:19:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T15:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/moon_exploration\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:51","slug":"moon_exploration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/moon_exploration\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fzkum M\u011bs\u00edce"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

M\u011bs\u00edc je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mal\u00fd na to, aby v sob\u011b udr\u017eel jak\u00fdkoli vzduch. Jeliko\u017e zde nefouk\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00edtr, je slune\u010dn\u00ed strana teplej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vrouc\u00ed voda, zat\u00edmco no\u010dn\u00ed strana je chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdekoli na Zemi (minus 180 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st toho, co v\u00edme o M\u011bs\u00edci, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z dat z\u00edskan\u00fdch robotick\u00fdmi sondami na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze a p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00edmi moduly v 60. a 70. letech. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci se domn\u00edvali, \u017ee kosmick\u00e1 lo\u010f, kter\u00e1 p\u0159istane na M\u011bs\u00edci, se zapadne do jeho pra\u0161n\u00e9ho povrchu. Americk\u00e9 a rusk\u00e9 p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed moduly v\u0161ak dok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee se m\u00fdlili. T\u00edm p\u0159ipravily cestu pro p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed na M\u011bs\u00edci.<\/p>\n

V letech 1969 a\u017e 1972 se dvan\u00e1ct mu\u017e\u016f proch\u00e1zelo po viditeln\u00e9 stran\u011b M\u011bs\u00edce. Na povrchu zanechali v\u011bdeck\u00e9 experimenty. Nav\u00edc se vr\u00e1tili s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 400 kg hornin a p\u016fdy. B\u011bhem pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mis\u00ed se astronauti po M\u011bs\u00edci pohybovali v roveru poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9m bateriemi.<\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edch letech se mnoho zem\u00ed rozhodlo vr\u00e1tit se na M\u011bs\u00edc. Kosmick\u00e9 sondy na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze prozkoumali cel\u00fd povrch velmi podrobn\u011b. Jedn\u00edm z v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch objev\u016f byla p\u0159\u00edtomnost vodn\u00edho ledu na dn\u011b kr\u00e1ter\u016f v bl\u00edzkosti m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch p\u00f3l\u016f. Led, kter\u00fd je chr\u00e1n\u011bn p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm, tam mohl b\u00fdt ji\u017e miliony let. Budouc\u00ed pr\u016fzkumn\u00edci by jej mohli vyu\u017e\u00edt k v\u00fdrob\u011b kysl\u00edku a jako pitnou vodu.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed evropskou lun\u00e1rn\u00ed sondou byla SMART-1, kter\u00e1 ob\u00edhala kolem M\u011bs\u00edce od listopadu 2004 do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2006. SMART-1 po\u0159\u00eddila detailn\u00ed sn\u00edmky povrchu a zkoumala slo\u017een\u00ed hornin. Mise skon\u010dila z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00fdm n\u00e1razem do povrchu M\u011bs\u00edce.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Moon is too small to hold onto any air. Without any winds, the sunny side is hotter than boiling water, but the night side is colder than anywhere on […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/08\/artist_s_impression_of_the_smart-1_mission2\/17888468-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_the_SMART-1_mission.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist's impression of the SMART-1 mission","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/08\/Artist_s_impression_of_the_SMART-1_mission2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=927"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2070,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions\/2070"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}