{"id":925,"date":"2004-11-15T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/star_birth\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:50","slug":"star_birth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/star_birth\/","title":{"rendered":"Zrozen\u00ed hv\u011bzdy"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Stejn\u011b jako lid\u00e9 se i hv\u011bzdy rod\u00ed, st\u00e1rnou a um\u00edraj\u00ed. Rod\u00ed se v obrovsk\u00fdch, chladn\u00fdch oblac\u00edch plynu a prachu, zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako \u2018mlhoviny\u2019. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich je Orionova mlhovina, kterou lze sotva rozeznat pouh\u00fdm okem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Tyto mraky se pod vlivem vlastn\u00ed gravitace za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed smr\u0161\u0165ovat. Jak se mrak zmen\u0161uje, rozpad\u00e1 se na shluky. Ka\u017ed\u00fd shluk se nakonec zah\u0159eje a zhu\u0161\u0165uje natolik, \u017ee v n\u011bm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k jadern\u00fdm reakc\u00edm. Jakmile teplota dos\u00e1hne 10 milion\u016f stup\u0148\u016f Celsia, shluk se prom\u011bn\u00ed v novou hv\u011bzdu.<\/p>\n

Po sv\u00e9m zrozen\u00ed se v\u011bt\u0161ina mlad\u00fdch hv\u011bzd nach\u00e1z\u00ed uprost\u0159ed ploch\u00e9ho disku slo\u017een\u00e9ho z plynu a prachu. V\u011bt\u0161ina tohoto materi\u00e1lu je nakonec odfouknuta z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm hv\u011bzdy. Ne\u017e k tomu dojde, mohou se kolem \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy vytvo\u0159it planety.<\/p>\n

\"Star-forming
Temn\u00fd mrak, v n\u011bm\u017e vznikaj\u00ed hv\u011bzdy, zachycen\u00fd teleskopem ISO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Infra\u010derven\u00e9 observato\u0159e jsou schopny detekovat teplo vyza\u0159ovan\u00e9 neviditeln\u00fdmi hv\u011bzdami, kter\u00e9 se uvnit\u0159 t\u011bchto mra\u010den rod\u00ed. Jednou z nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch z nich je vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 observato\u0159 Herschel agentury ESA, kter\u00e1 byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna v kv\u011btnu 2009. Herschel bude nejm\u00e9n\u011b t\u0159i roky studovat prachov\u00e1 mra\u010dna, v nich\u017e se rod\u00ed hv\u011bzdy \u2013 velk\u00e9 i mal\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Like people, stars are born, they grow old and they die. Their birth places are huge, cold clouds of gas and dust, known as ‘nebulas’. The most famous of these […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/01\/nearby_galaxy_ngc_1569_is_a_hotbed_of_star_birth_activity2\/17880180-2-eng-GB\/Nearby_galaxy_NGC_1569_is_a_hotbed_of_star_birth_activity.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Nearby galaxy NGC 1569 is a 'hotbed' of star birth activity","esa_banner_credit":"ESA, NASA and Peter Anders (G\u00f6ttingen University Galaxy Evolution Group, Germany)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/01\/Nearby_galaxy_NGC_1569_is_a_hotbed_of_star_birth_activity2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=925"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/925\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4742,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/925\/revisions\/4742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}