{"id":923,"date":"2004-11-16T10:04:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-16T09:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/exploring_asteroids\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:49","slug":"exploring_asteroids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/exploring_asteroids\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fzkum asteroid\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina asteroid\u016f je tak mal\u00e1 a nach\u00e1z\u00ed se tak daleko, \u017ee je vid\u00edme pouze jako nepatrn\u00e9 sv\u011bteln\u00e9 te\u010dky. Objevujeme je d\u00edky jejich pohybu p\u0159ed \u2018pevn\u00fdmi hv\u011bzdami\u2019 na no\u010dn\u00ed obloze. V\u00edce se o nich dozv\u00edd\u00e1me pomoc\u00ed velk\u00fdch dalekohled\u016f, jimi\u017e studujeme sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ani Hubble\u016fv vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled v\u0161ak o nich nedok\u00e1\u017ee mnoho prozradit. Jedn\u00edm z nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch asteroid\u016f je Vesta, kter\u00e1 je bohat\u00e1 na kovy. Sn\u00edmky z Hubbleova dalekohledu ukazuj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b kulat\u00fd sv\u011bt s velk\u00fdm impaktn\u00edm kr\u00e1terem.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 asteroidy, kter\u00e9 se pohybuj\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b nad Zem\u00ed, byly zkoum\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed radaru. Radarov\u00e9 odrazy jsou zachycov\u00e1ny velk\u00fdmi radioteleskopy a slou\u017e\u00ed k ur\u010den\u00ed jejich tvaru a velikosti.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkolik asteroid\u016f bylo podrobn\u011bji prozkoum\u00e1no kosmick\u00fdmi sondami, kter\u00e9 k nim dolet\u011bly. Sn\u00edmky zachycuj\u00ed objekty s mnoha kr\u00e1tery, co\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o tom, \u017ee byly po miliardy let vystaveny n\u00e1raz\u016fm. V roce 2000 se sonda NEAR Shoemaker stala prvn\u00ed kosmickou sondou, kter\u00e1 se dostala na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu kolem asteroidu. Sonda ukon\u010dila svou misi historick\u00fdm p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm na Erosu, jednom z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch asteroid\u016f v bl\u00edzkosti Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Sonda Rosetta agentury ESA tak\u00e9 na sv\u00e9 cest\u011b ke komet\u011b prolet\u011bla kolem dvou asteroid\u016f hlavn\u00edho p\u00e1su \u2013 Steins a Lutetia. Lutetia, jej\u00ed\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br \u010din\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 130 km, byla dosud nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm asteroidem, kter\u00fd sonda nav\u0161t\u00edvila. ESA rovn\u011b\u017e zkoum\u00e1 zp\u016fsoby, jak odklonit asteroid sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k Zemi z jeho dr\u00e1hy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Most asteroids are so small and so far away that we can only see them as tiny points of light. They are found through their movement in front of the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/04\/asteroids_come_in_many_shapes_and_sizes2\/17886580-2-eng-GB\/Asteroids_come_in_many_shapes_and_sizes.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Asteroids come in many shapes and sizes","esa_banner_credit":"courtesy Observatoire de Paris","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/04\/Asteroids_come_in_many_shapes_and_sizes2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=923"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2066,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/923\/revisions\/2066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=923"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}