{"id":852,"date":"2004-12-03T10:51:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/satellite_navigation\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:00","slug":"satellite_navigation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/satellite_navigation\/","title":{"rendered":"Satelitn\u00ed navigace"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Kdysi d\u00e1vno se lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pluli po mo\u0159i, orientovali podle polohy Slunce, M\u011bs\u00edce a hv\u011bzd. Pot\u00e9, kolem roku 1300, zaveden\u00ed kompasu t\u011bmto mo\u0159eplavc\u016fm \u017eivot trochu usnadnilo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

D\u00edky kosmick\u00e9 technologii se dnes u\u017e nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee ztratit. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 osoba, auto, lo\u010f \u010di letadlo vybaven\u00e9 satelitn\u00edm naviga\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem dok\u00e1\u017ee ur\u010dit svou polohu s p\u0159esnost\u00ed na 15 a\u017e 20 metr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Satelitn\u00ed navigace spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010d vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 svou polohu na z\u00e1klad\u011b sign\u00e1l\u016f vys\u00edlan\u00fdch nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dty\u0159mi satelity.<\/p>\n

\"GPS\"
GPS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd dnes pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, byl p\u016fvodn\u011b vyvinut pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. V letech 1960 a\u017e 1968 vypustila americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da 23 naviga\u010dn\u00edch satelit\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly napom\u00e1hat navigaci ponorek typu Polaris.<\/p>\n

Z nich se nakonec vyvinul glob\u00e1ln\u00ed polohov\u00fd syst\u00e9m (GPS). Podobn\u00fd syst\u00e9m s n\u00e1zvem Glonass zavedla rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da. Oba tyto syst\u00e9my jsou nyn\u00ed k dispozici jak pro civiln\u00ed, tak pro vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto cht\u011bla Evropa m\u00edt sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed spolehliv\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

Evropa nyn\u00ed zavedla syst\u00e9m s n\u00e1zvem EGNOS, kter\u00fd zvy\u0161uje p\u0159esnost syst\u00e9mu GPS. ESA a Evropsk\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e spole\u010dn\u011b vyv\u00edjej\u00ed vlastn\u00ed evropsk\u00fd civiln\u00ed (nevojensk\u00fd) naviga\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Tento syst\u00e9m s n\u00e1zvem Galileo bude prvn\u00edm zcela civiln\u00edm syst\u00e9mem pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed navigaci.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Long ago, people who sailed the sea found their way by studying the positions of the Sun, Moon and stars. Then, around 1300, the introduction of the compass made life […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/01\/galileo2\/17866193-3-eng-GB\/Galileo.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2001\/01\/Galileo2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=852"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4707,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/852\/revisions\/4707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=852"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}