{"id":818,"date":"2004-12-03T09:53:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T08:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/shapeshifting_metals\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:38","slug":"shapeshifting_metals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/shapeshifting_metals\/","title":{"rendered":"Kovy, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed tvar"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Boj\u00edte se n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy u zuba\u0159e? P\u0159\u00e1li byste si, aby existoval jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak z\u00edskat ten dokonal\u00fd \u00fasm\u011bv?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

D\u00edky zaveden\u00ed slitin s tvarovou pam\u011bt\u00ed (SMA) p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 vesm\u00edrn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed po\u010dtu n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv u zubn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Tyto \u2018chytr\u00e9\u2019 kovy maj\u00ed \u00fa\u017easnou schopnost \u2018zapamatovat si\u2019 r\u016fzn\u00e9 polohy.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako gumi\u010dka se po nata\u017een\u00ed nebo ohnut\u00ed vr\u00e1t\u00ed do p\u016fvodn\u00edho tvaru. Pokud je ohnete do nov\u00e9ho tvaru, sta\u010d\u00ed je zah\u0159\u00e1t a vr\u00e1t\u00ed se do p\u016fvodn\u00edho stavu.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00fd vesm\u00edrn\u00fd program vyvinul tyto slitiny pro automatizovan\u00e9 sp\u00edna\u010de. Brzy se v\u0161ak na\u0161lo mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f jejich vyu\u017eit\u00ed, mimo jin\u00e9 i p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b zlomenin kost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Svorka vyroben\u00e1 z ohnut\u00e9ho SMA dr\u00e1tu se upevn\u00ed p\u0159es zlomeninu. T\u011blesn\u00e9 teplo pak zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee se svorka uzav\u0159e, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se kosti p\u0159it\u00e1hnou k sob\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nejen\u017ee uzav\u00edraj\u00ed zlomeninu, ale tak\u00e9 zpev\u0148uj\u00ed kost, dokud se nezahoj\u00ed. Stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem je lze pou\u017e\u00edt i k regulaci pohybu zub\u016f.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dtvrtina v\u0161ech d\u011bt\u00ed pot\u0159ebuje nav\u0161t\u00edvit zubn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, aby se zlep\u0161ilo uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed jejich zub\u016f. D\u00edky pou\u017eit\u00ed SMA je nyn\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 jemn\u011b, ale rychle uzav\u0159\u00edt mezery mezi zuby nebo je narovnat. To znamen\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed bolest a m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv v zubn\u00ed ordinaci.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do you dread going to the dentist? Do you wish there was an easier way to obtain that perfect smile? Space research is helping to cut back on visits to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/dentist_22\/17900050-2-eng-GB\/dentist_2.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo\/Chuck Burton","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/dentist_22","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=818"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1961,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/818\/revisions\/1961"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=818"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}