{"id":781,"date":"2011-07-27T12:48:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-27T10:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pioneering_satellite_reaches_retirement\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:11","slug":"pioneering_satellite_reaches_retirement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/pioneering_satellite_reaches_retirement\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 dru\u017eice kon\u010d\u00ed svou slu\u017ebu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Jeden z nejstar\u0161\u00edch funk\u010dn\u00edch satelit\u016f ESA se chyst\u00e1 ukon\u010dit svou slu\u017ebu pot\u00e9, co oblet\u011bl Zemi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 85 000kr\u00e1t a urazil p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3,8 miliardy km. Druh\u00fd satelit evropsk\u00e9ho d\u00e1lkov\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu Zem\u011b (ERS-2) byl vypu\u0161t\u011bn v roce 1995. ESA se nyn\u00ed rozhodla vy\u0159adit jej z provozu d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e p\u0159estane fungovat a stane se hrozbou pro ostatn\u00ed kosmick\u00e9 lod\u011b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Od 6. \u010dervence doch\u00e1z\u00ed d\u00edky s\u00e9rii z\u00e1\u017eeh\u016f pomocn\u00fdch trysek k postupn\u00e9mu sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy z 800 km na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 550 km, kde je riziko sr\u00e1\u017eky s jin\u00fdmi satelity minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho, aby se ERS-2 stal kusem vesm\u00edrn\u00e9ho odpadu, nakonec vstoup\u00ed do zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry a sho\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>ERS-1 (kter\u00fd byl v provozu v letech 1991 a\u017e 2000) a jeho sestersk\u00e1 dru\u017eice maj\u00ed za sebou dlouhou a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou kari\u00e9ru. Spole\u010dn\u011b po dobu 20 let poskytovaly nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00fd proud dat, \u010d\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnily v\u00fdzkum zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry, pevniny, oce\u00e1n\u016f a pol\u00e1rn\u00edho ledu.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2005\/04\/ERS-2_satellite_and_applications2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2005\/04\/ers-2_satellite_and_applications2\/17882473-2-eng-GB\/ERS-2_satellite_and_applications.jpg\" alt=\"ERS-2 satellite and applications\"><figcaption>Satelit ERS-2 a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Mezi jejich p\u0159\u00edstroje pat\u0159il prvn\u00ed nevojensk\u00fd radar ve vesm\u00edru. Byl schopen pozorovat povrch za ka\u017ed\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed, ve dne i v noci, a sledovat, jak se zemsk\u00fd povrch pohybuje b\u011bhem siln\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed nebo sope\u010dn\u00fdch erupc\u00ed. Dok\u00e1zal tak\u00e9 zmapovat v\u00fd\u0161ku zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje m\u011b\u0159ily glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teplotu mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hladiny a zm\u011bny hladiny mo\u0159e, co\u017e jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace pro v\u011bdce zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se studiem klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Dal\u0161\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm experimentem na dru\u017eici ERS-2 bylo sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u011bn velikosti a polohy obrovsk\u00e9 d\u00edry v ozonov\u00e9 vrstv\u011b nad Antarktidou.<\/p>\n<p>Tis\u00edce v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch projekt\u016f a v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed vych\u00e1zely z dat z\u00edskan\u00fdch sondou ERS. Informace, kter\u00e9 tato sonda zaslala, p\u0159isp\u011bly k lep\u0161\u00edmu pochopen\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed Zem\u011b. Vylep\u0161en\u00e9 verze p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u011bla na palub\u011b, se nyn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v mis\u00edch, jako jsou Envisat, Earth Explorers a Sentinel agentury ESA.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of ESA\u2019s oldest working satellites is about to be retired, after orbiting Earth almost 85,000 times and travelling some 3.8 billion km. The second European Remote Sensing (ERS-2) satellite [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/07\/ers-2_satellite2\/17883510-2-eng-GB\/ERS-2_satellite.jpg","esa_banner_description":"ERS-2 satellite","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/07\/ERS-2_satellite2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,66],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-water-world"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=781"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/781\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4679,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/781\/revisions\/4679"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}