{"id":778,"date":"2011-05-30T13:33:00","date_gmt":"2011-05-30T11:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ash_clouds_cause_flight_chaos\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:09","slug":"ash_clouds_cause_flight_chaos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/ash_clouds_cause_flight_chaos\/","title":{"rendered":"Mraky popela zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed chaos v leteck\u00e9 doprav\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Ji\u017e podruh\u00e9 za rok zp\u016fsobila sope\u010dn\u00e1 erupce na Islandu chaos v velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou probl\u00e9mu jsou oblaka popela, kter\u00e1 byla vymr\u0161t\u011bna do v\u00fd\u0161ky mnoha kilometr\u016f. Pro Islan\u010fany \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti sopek se \u017eivot dramaticky zm\u011bnil. Vrstva hn\u011bd\u00e9ho popela pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 domy, silnice i pole. Obrovsk\u00e9 mraky popela v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 putovaly tis\u00edce kilometr\u016f nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Evropou a zp\u016fsobily uzemn\u011bn\u00ed mnoha letadel.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Prvn\u00ed erupce za\u010dala v b\u0159eznu 2010, kdy sopka Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull za\u010dala vyvrhovat oblaka p\u00e1ry a popela. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch byly zru\u0161eny tis\u00edce let\u016f, proto\u017ee se drobn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed erupce se leteck\u00fd provoz vr\u00e1til do norm\u00e1lu. Pot\u00e9, 21. kv\u011btna 2011, za\u010dala sopka Gr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn vyvrhovat popel vysoko do atmosf\u00e9ry. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, a\u010dkoli tato erupce byla rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ta p\u0159edchoz\u00ed, pom\u011brn\u011b rychle utichla. Koncem kv\u011btna se leteck\u00fd provoz vr\u00e1til do norm\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, s nimi\u017e se leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a vl\u00e1dy p\u0159i takov\u00fdch erupc\u00edch pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed, je zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti cestuj\u00edc\u00edch. Kdy\u017e letadlo prolet\u00ed sope\u010dn\u00fdm mrakem, \u010d\u00e1stice popela se dostanou do proudov\u00fdch motor\u016f a mohou zp\u016fsobit jejich poruchu. Popel m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u011b po\u0161kodit vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 letadla. Je proto nezbytn\u00e9 naj\u00edt zp\u016fsob, jak sledovat pohyb mraku a ur\u010dit jeho tlou\u0161\u0165ku.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed jsou dru\u017eice ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed kolem Zem\u011b, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Envisat agentury ESA, schopny po\u0159izovat sn\u00edmky oblak\u016f popela. Dok\u00e1\u017eou tak\u00e9 detekovat plyny, jako je oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd, kter\u00e9 byly vyvr\u017eeny vysoko do atmosf\u00e9ry a \u010dasto dosahuj\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ek, v nich\u017e l\u00e9taj\u00ed pravideln\u00e9 lety. Data jsou zas\u00edl\u00e1na do poradensk\u00fdch center pro sope\u010dn\u00fd popel (Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres), kter\u00e1 vyhodnocuj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro leteckou dopravu a vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

For the second time in a year, a volcanic eruption on Iceland has caused chaos across much of Europe. The problem has been caused by clouds of ash that have […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/05\/ash_plume2\/17896682-2-eng-GB\/Ash_plume.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/05\/Ash_plume2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=778"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1921,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/778\/revisions\/1921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=778"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}