{"id":719,"date":"2012-01-12T12:27:00","date_gmt":"2012-01-12T11:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_s_swarm_prepares_for_flight\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:31","slug":"esa_s_swarm_prepares_for_flight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/esa_s_swarm_prepares_for_flight\/","title":{"rendered":"Projekt Swarm agentury ESA se p\u0159ipravuje na let"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>V\u0161ude kolem n\u00e1s existuje neviditeln\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole. A\u010dkoli si ho obvykle nev\u0161\u00edm\u00e1me, zemsk\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, proto\u017ee n\u00e1s chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi slune\u010dn\u00edmi bou\u0159emi a kosmick\u00fdm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm. Bez n\u011bj by na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b neexistoval \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u017eivot. Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 tuto magnetickou s\u00edlu m\u011b\u0159it s dosud nev\u00eddanou p\u0159esnost\u00ed, p\u0159ipravuje se ESA na vysl\u00e1n\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed mise na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu s n\u00e1zvem Swarm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Koncepce Swarm spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v konstelaci t\u0159\u00ed satelit\u016f na t\u0159ech r\u016fzn\u00fdch pol\u00e1rn\u00edch ob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch drah\u00e1ch ve v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch mezi 400 a 550 km. Ka\u017ed\u00fd satelit bude poskytovat vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edly a sm\u011bru magnetick\u00e9ho pole ve vysok\u00e9m rozli\u0161en\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e9 z citliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f budou um\u00edst\u011bny na 4 metry dlouh\u00e9m v\u00fdlo\u017en\u00edku, aby se omezilo ru\u0161en\u00ed ze strany elektrick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f kosmick\u00e9 lodi.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1238\" data-credit=\"ESA\u2013P. Carril\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/10\/Swarm_constellation2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/10\/swarm_constellation2\/17891243-2-eng-GB\/Swarm_constellation.jpg\" alt=\"Swarm constellation\"><figcaption>Konstelace Swarm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee magnetick\u00e9 pole vznik\u00e1 v\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm kapaliny v zemsk\u00e9m vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm j\u00e1dru bohat\u00e9m na \u017eelezo, ale st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b pln\u011b nerozum\u00edme tomu, jak se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a jak se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu m\u011bn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad poloha severn\u00edho a ji\u017en\u00edho magnetick\u00e9ho p\u00f3lu na povrchu se neust\u00e1le posouv\u00e1. M\u011bn\u00ed se tak\u00e9 s\u00edla pole. \u010cas od \u010dasu doch\u00e1z\u00ed dokonce k obr\u00e1cen\u00ed p\u00f3l\u016f, tak\u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00fd severn\u00ed p\u00f3l se stane ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lem. V takov\u00fdch chv\u00edl\u00edch by magnetick\u00fd kompas ukazoval na jih m\u00edsto na sever! V\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee mise Swarm bude schopna vy\u0159e\u0161it tyto a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch magnetick\u00fdch z\u00e1had.<\/p>\n<p>Aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna co nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, pro\u0161ly v\u0161echny satelity n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm testov\u00e1n\u00edm. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich byly provedeny v \u2018magneticky \u010dist\u00e9m\u2019 prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u2013 v m\u00edstnosti s d\u0159ev\u011bnou podlahou, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed hluboko v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m lese, daleko od jak\u00fdchkoli jin\u00fdch budov. Jakmile bude jejich testovac\u00ed program dokon\u010den, bude trojice satelit\u016f Swarm p\u0159epravena na rusk\u00fd kosmodrom v Plesetsku, odkud budou je\u0161t\u011b v tomto roce vypu\u0161t\u011bny raketou Rockot.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There is an invisible magnetic field all around us. Although we don\u2019t normally notice it, the Earth\u2019s magnetic field is very important as it protects us from dangerous solar storms [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/swarm_constellation2\/17887358-2-eng-GB\/Swarm_constellation.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Swarm constellation","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/AOES Medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Swarm_constellation2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=719"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/719\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4647,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/719\/revisions\/4647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=719"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}