{"id":713,"date":"2012-07-11T07:56:00","date_gmt":"2012-07-11T05:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_wonder_of_weightless_worms\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:27","slug":"the_wonder_of_weightless_worms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/the_wonder_of_weightless_worms\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1zrak bezv\u00e1hov\u00fdch \u010derv\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Ve vesm\u00edru se k astronaut\u016fm p\u0159idalo mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f. Stejn\u011b jako lidem se i v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b z nich t\u011b\u017eko p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje stav bezt\u00ed\u017ee. V\u00fdjimkou je mal\u00fd \u010derv\u00edk zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako C. elegans, kter\u00e9mu se na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze zd\u00e1 se da\u0159\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e na Zemi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kdy\u017e se astronaut ESA Andr\u00e9 Kuipers v roce 2004 poprv\u00e9 vydal na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrnou stanici (ISS), byl jako jeho spole\u010dn\u00edk vybr\u00e1n druh C. elegans. Tito mikroskopi\u010dt\u00ed \u010derv\u00edci byli vybr\u00e1ni proto, \u017ee se jednalo o prvn\u00ed komplexn\u00ed formu \u017eivota, u n\u00ed\u017e byla zmapov\u00e1na v\u0161echna geny (stavebn\u00ed kameny bun\u011bk jejich t\u011bla).<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci n\u00e1sledn\u011b zjistili, \u017ee sedm gen\u016f t\u011bchto \u010derv\u016f bylo ve vesm\u00edru m\u00e9n\u011b aktivn\u00edch. P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b se zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee \u010dervi bez nich funguj\u00ed l\u00e9pe. V\u00fdsledky nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee se jejich svaly p\u0159izp\u016fsobovaly podm\u00ednk\u00e1m ve vesm\u00edru. Mohly by vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 lety zpomalit proces st\u00e1rnut\u00ed sval\u016f?<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"397\" data-credit=\"Wormatlas\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/02\/I_C._elegans_I\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/02\/i_c._elegans_i\/17904194-2-eng-GB\/I_C._elegans_I.jpg\" alt=\"I&gt;C. elegans\/I&gt;\"><figcaption><i>C. elegans<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Laboratorn\u00ed experimenty potvrdily, \u017ee i dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dervi, kte\u0159\u00ed byli chov\u00e1ni bez t\u011bchto sedmi gen\u016f, se do\u017e\u00edvali del\u0161\u00edho a zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u017eivota. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee lid\u00e9 sd\u00edlej\u00ed s druhem C. elegans p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 55% sv\u00fdch gen\u016f, bylo dal\u0161\u00edm krokem zjistit, jak lidsk\u00e9 svaly reaguj\u00ed na vesm\u00edrn\u00fd let.<\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 druh\u00e9 mise na ISS, kter\u00e1 skon\u010dila 1. \u010dervence, vzal Andr\u00e9 s sebou dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dervy pro navazuj\u00edc\u00ed studii. Tentokr\u00e1t v\u0161ak byl p\u0159edm\u011btem v\u00fdzkumu i s\u00e1m astronaut. P\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem mise mu byl z jedn\u00e9 nohy odebr\u00e1n mal\u00fd kousek svalu, kter\u00fd byl uchov\u00e1n pro anal\u00fdzu. V\u011bdci se nyn\u00ed t\u011b\u0161\u00ed na to, a\u017e zjist\u00ed, jak se tento vzorek li\u0161\u00ed od sval\u016f, kter\u00e9 str\u00e1vily \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ve stavu bezt\u00ed\u017ee. Na rozd\u00edl od \u010derv\u016f v\u0161ak m\u00e1 Andr\u00e9 n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f na to, aby se zotavil z \u00fanavn\u00e9 cesty, ne\u017e budou jeho svaly podrobeny mikroskopick\u00e9mu zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Many different creatures have joined astronauts in space. Like people, most of them find it hard to adapt to weightlessness. One exception is a tiny worm, known as C. elegans, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/07\/nematode_worm2\/17911232-2-eng-GB\/Nematode_worm.gif","esa_banner_description":"Nematode worm","esa_banner_credit":"Creative Commons ShareAlike license\u2013B. 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