{"id":676,"date":"2013-04-24T07:12:00","date_gmt":"2013-04-24T05:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/herschel_solves_mystery_of_jupiter_s_water\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:02","slug":"herschel_solves_mystery_of_jupiter_s_water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/herschel_solves_mystery_of_jupiter_s_water\/","title":{"rendered":"Herschel objasnil z\u00e1hadu vody na Jupiteru"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jupiter, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed planeta Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy, se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z plyn\u016f \u2013 vod\u00edku a helia. V jeho horn\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch atmosf\u00e9ry byly objeveny nepatrn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody, ale a\u017e dosud nikdo nev\u011bd\u011bl, odkud tato voda poch\u00e1z\u00ed. Odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto dlouho trvaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1hadu p\u0159inesla vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 observato\u0159 Herschel agentury ESA, nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed infra\u010derven\u00fd dalekohled, jak\u00fd byl kdy vypu\u0161t\u011bn. Herschel nalezl p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee voda byla na Jupiter p\u0159inesena p\u0159i s\u00e9rii dopad\u016f komet v \u010dervenci 1994!<\/p>\n<p>Sr\u00e1\u017eky s p\u0159il\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edmi kosmick\u00fdmi \u00falomky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed neust\u00e1lou hrozbu pro planety Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy, v\u010detn\u011b Zem\u011b. V\u011bdci v\u0161ak dosud pozorovali jen velmi m\u00e1lo takov\u00fdch dopad\u016f. K prvn\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti do\u0161lo u Jupiteru p\u0159ed 19 lety. Astronomov\u00e9 s \u00fa\u017easem sledovali, jak 21 \u00falomk\u016f komety Shoemaker-Levy 9 vlet\u011blo do horn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry planety a explodovalo.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1765\" data-credit=\"Water map: ESA\/Herschel\/T. Cavali\u00e9 et al.; Jupiter image: NASA\/ESA\/Reta Beebe (New Mexico State University)\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/04\/Water_in_Jupiter_s_atmosphere2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/04\/water_in_jupiter_s_atmosphere2\/17899570-2-eng-GB\/Water_in_Jupiter_s_atmosphere.jpg\" alt=\"Water in Jupiter&#x27;s atmosphere\"><figcaption>Voda v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e Jupiteru<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Infra\u010derven\u00e1 vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 observato\u0159 ESA, vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 v roce 1995, jako prvn\u00ed zaznamenala a zkoumala vodu v horn\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch Jupiterovy atmosf\u00e9ry. V\u011bdci dok\u00e1zali vylou\u010dit vnit\u0159n\u00ed zdroj, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad voda stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed z hloubky. Pokud v\u0161ak byla voda p\u0159inesena zven\u010d\u00ed, odkud poch\u00e1zela?<\/p>\n<p>\u0160iroce se spekulovalo, \u017ee zdrojem t\u00e9to vody mohla b\u00fdt kometa Shoemaker-Levy 9, ale chyb\u011bl p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd d\u016fkaz. Nyn\u00ed citliv\u00e9 infra\u010derven\u00e9 \u201eo\u010di\u201c sondy Herschel tuto z\u00e1hadu vy\u0159e\u0161ily. Vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 observato\u0159 zjistila, \u017ee na ji\u017en\u00ed polokouli Jupitera je 2\u20133kr\u00e1t v\u00edce vody ne\u017e na severn\u00ed polokouli. Stopy vody se vyskytuj\u00ed pouze ve vysok\u00fdch nadmo\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161k\u00e1ch a v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich je soust\u0159ed\u011bna v okol\u00ed m\u00edst dopad\u016f komety z roku 1994.<\/p>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed plyn\u016f, z nich\u017e se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 mohutn\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra Jupiteru, provede mise JUICE agentury ESA, jej\u00ed\u017e start sm\u011brem k t\u00e9to ob\u0159\u00ed planet\u011b je pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n na rok 2022.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jupiter, the largest planet in the Solar System, is mostly made of the gases hydrogen and helium. Tiny amounts of water have been found in its upper atmosphere, but, until [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/04\/shoemaker-levy_9_impact_site_g\/17905016-2-eng-GB\/Shoemaker-Levy_9_impact_site_G.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact site G","esa_banner_credit":"R. Evans, J. Trauger, H. 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