{"id":589,"date":"2004-11-15T13:56:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T12:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_big_bang\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:29:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:29:59","slug":"the_big_bang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/the_big_bang\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00fd t\u0159esk"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina astronom\u016f se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee vesm\u00edr vznikl p\u0159i Velk\u00e9m t\u0159esku p\u0159ed asi 14 miliardami let. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b se cel\u00fd vesm\u00edr nach\u00e1zel uvnit\u0159 bubliny, kter\u00e1 byla tis\u00edckr\u00e1t men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e hlavi\u010dka \u0161pendl\u00edku. Byla \u017ehav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a hust\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e si dok\u00e1\u017eeme p\u0159edstavit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Pak najednou do\u0161lo k explozi. Zrodil se vesm\u00edr, jak\u00fd zn\u00e1me. \u010cas, prostor i hmota vznikly Velk\u00fdm t\u0159eskem. B\u011bhem zlomku sekundy se vesm\u00edr zv\u011bt\u0161il z velikosti men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jeden atom na velikost v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e galaxie. A d\u00e1l se zv\u011bt\u0161oval neuv\u011b\u0159itelnou rychlost\u00ed. Roz\u0161i\u0159uje se dodnes.<\/p>\n

Jak se vesm\u00edr rozp\u00ednal a ochlazoval, energie se p\u0159em\u011bnila na \u010d\u00e1stice hmoty a antihmoty. Tyto dva protich\u016fdn\u00e9 typy \u010d\u00e1stic se navz\u00e1jem z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zni\u010dily. \u010c\u00e1st hmoty v\u0161ak p\u0159e\u017eila. Stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice zvan\u00e9 protony a neutrony se za\u010daly tvo\u0159it, kdy\u017e byl vesm\u00edr star\u00fd jednu sekundu.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159\u00ed minut teplota klesla pod 1 miliardu stup\u0148\u016f Celsia. Teplota byla nyn\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e1 na to, aby se protony a neutrony spojily a vytvo\u0159ily j\u00e1dra vod\u00edku a helia.<\/p>\n

Po 300 000 letech se vesm\u00edr ochladil na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3 000 stup\u0148\u016f. Atomov\u00e1 j\u00e1dra mohla kone\u010dn\u011b zachytit elektrony a vytvo\u0159it atomy. Vesm\u00edr se naplnil mraky vod\u00edku a helia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Most astronomers believe the Universe began in a Big Bang about 14 billion years ago. At that time, the entire Universe was inside a bubble that was thousands of times […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/06\/nearby_galaxy\/17883658-2-eng-GB\/Nearby_galaxy.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/06\/Nearby_galaxy","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,19],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-story-of-the-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=589"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1732,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/589\/revisions\/1732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=589"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}