{"id":492,"date":"2016-05-30T07:29:00","date_gmt":"2016-05-30T05:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_aurora\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:49","slug":"the_aurora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/the_aurora\/","title":{"rendered":"Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Vid\u011bli jste n\u011bkdy pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159i? Je to n\u00e1dhern\u00e1 z\u00e1clona vln\u00edc\u00edho se sv\u011btla na no\u010dn\u00ed obloze \u2013 pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli to \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a mohli ji spat\u0159it, je to \u00fachvatn\u00fd a nezapomenuteln\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek. Ale co je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou vzniku pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>V\u0161echno to za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u na\u0161\u00ed nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzdy, Slunce. Slunce je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b energetick\u00e9 a neust\u00e1le vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed takzvan\u00fd slune\u010dn\u00ed v\u00edtr \u2013 proud drobn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic. Ty vyletuj\u00ed do vesm\u00edru a jsou odkl\u00e1n\u011bny magnetick\u00fdm polem, kter\u00e9 obklopuje planetu Zemi.<\/p>\n<p>Norm\u00e1ln\u011b by t\u00edm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh skon\u010dil\u2026 ale n\u011bkdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed na Slunci k obrovsk\u00fdm erupc\u00edm, takzvan\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm erupc\u00edm, kter\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed v\u00edtr je\u0161t\u011b zesiluj\u00ed. Kdy\u017e k tomu dojde, maj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice tolik energie, \u017ee do zemsk\u00e9ho magnetick\u00e9ho pole nejen vlet\u00ed \u2013 ale p\u0159\u00edmo do n\u011bj vraz\u00ed!<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00e1stice slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru se pot\u00e9 \u0159\u00edd\u00ed zemsk\u00fdm magnetick\u00fdm polem a sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed k severn\u00edmu a ji\u017en\u00edmu p\u00f3lu na\u0161\u00ed planety. Nakonec tyto \u010d\u00e1stice nar\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed na plyny v na\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 tato energie se pak uvol\u0148uje ve form\u011b sv\u011btla! \u010c\u00e1stice slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru p\u0159i sr\u00e1\u017ece s kysl\u00edkem vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u00fachvatnou zelenou barvu. Dus\u00edk vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 odst\u00edny modr\u00e9 a fialov\u00e9. Pr\u00e1v\u011b to zp\u016fsobuje pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n<p>A\u010dkoli je pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e n\u00e1dhern\u00e1, jin\u00e9 vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru mohou zp\u016fsobovat probl\u00e9my. Vysokoenergetick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice mohou po\u0161kodit satelity na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze kolem na\u0161\u00ed planety a ohrozit bezpe\u010dnost astronaut\u016f. Mohou dokonce zp\u016fsobit v\u00fdpadky elekt\u0159iny na povrchu Zem\u011b. Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e nen\u00ed v\u00fdsadou pouze Zem\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed planety v na\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Saturn a Jupiter, maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole. \u010c\u00e1stice slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru se s nimi mohou sr\u00e1\u017eet stejn\u011b jako se Zem\u00ed! Cht\u011bli byste let\u011bt na jinou planetu a pod\u00edvat se na jej\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159i?<\/p>\n<p><b>Zaj\u00edmavost:<\/b> Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e je pojmenov\u00e1na po \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 bohyni \u00fasvitu.<\/p>\n<nav class=\"related\" aria-label=\"Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed\">\n<h2 class=\"related__heading\">Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed<\/h2>\n<div class=\"grid related__grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/polarlys\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">d\u00e1n\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/aurora_of_het_poollicht\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">nizozem\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/les_aurores\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Francouz\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/das_nordlicht\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">n\u011bm\u010dina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/l_aurora\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">italsk\u00fd<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/polarlyset\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">nor\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/zorza_polarna\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">pol\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/la_aurora\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">\u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/cs\/auroran_norrskenet\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">\u0160v\u00e9d\u0161tina<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever seen the aurora? A beautiful curtain of rippling light in the night sky, it is an awe-inspiring and unforgettable sight for those lucky enough to have witnessed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/09\/aurora_borealis2\/17887210-2-eng-GB\/Aurora_borealis.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Aurora borealis","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/09\/Aurora_borealis2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,35],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-the-sun"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=492"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/492\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1635,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/492\/revisions\/1635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=492"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}