{"id":439,"date":"2017-06-21T12:26:00","date_gmt":"2017-06-21T10:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/evidence_found_that_comets_helped_to_make_earth_s_atmosphere\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:13","slug":"evidence_found_that_comets_helped_to_make_earth_s_atmosphere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/evidence_found_that_comets_helped_to_make_earth_s_atmosphere\/","title":{"rendered":"Bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee komety p\u0159isp\u011bly k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>V roce 2016 dokon\u010dila sonda ESA s n\u00e1zvem Rosetta neuv\u011b\u0159itelnou misi: dolet\u011bla ke komet\u011b, zkoumala ji z ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy a vyslala na ni robotick\u00fd p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed modul! Pot\u00e9 objevila d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee komety p\u0159ed d\u00e1vn\u00fdmi \u010dasy dopadaly na Zemi a p\u0159isp\u011bly k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Aby dosp\u011bli k tomuto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9mu objevu, museli v\u011bdci postupovat jako detektivov\u00e9. V\u00edme, \u017ee zemsk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra obsahuje nepatrn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed plynu zvan\u00e9ho xenon. V na\u0161\u00ed atmosf\u00e9\u0159e se vyskytuje mnoho druh\u016f xenonu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich vznik\u00e1 pon\u011bkud odli\u0161n\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. To vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jak\u00fdsi \u201cotisk\u201d, kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt k rozli\u0161en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch druh\u016f xenonu.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1843\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/06\/Comet_67_PChuryumov-Gerasimenko_on_15_May_2016\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/06\/comet_67_pchuryumov-gerasimenko_on_15_may_2016\/17905867-2-eng-GB\/Comet_67_PChuryumov-Gerasimenko_on_15_May_2016.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up photo of the comet\" \/><figcaption>Detailn\u00ed sn\u00edmek komety<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>V\u011bdci objevili xenon v \u0159\u00eddk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e Marsu, v asteroidech, na Jupiteru a v \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edch poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch ze Slunce. Xenon na Zemi m\u00e1 v\u0161ak odli\u0161n\u00fd \u201cotisk\u201d ne\u017e tyto zdroje! To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee xenon, kter\u00fd m\u00e1me zde na Zemi, musel poch\u00e1zet z jin\u00e9ho m\u00edsta ne\u017e xenon jinde ve Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Xenon na Zemi je velmi star\u00fd a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu se jeho slo\u017een\u00ed zm\u011bnilo. V\u011bdci pomoc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch model\u016f p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bli, jak asi vypadal xenon na Zemi p\u0159ed zhruba \u010dty\u0159mi a p\u016fl miliardami let, kdy\u017e se na\u0161e planeta teprve formovala. To n\u00e1s p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed zp\u011bt k sond\u011b ESA Rosetta. Kdy\u017e zkoumala kometu, h\u00e1dejte, co objevila? Xenon s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00fdm \u201cotiskem\u201d jako xenon na prav\u011bk\u00e9 Zemi!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1920\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/06\/Fresh_from_Earth\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/06\/fresh_from_earth\/17898569-2-eng-GB\/Fresh_from_Earth.jpg\" alt=\"Comets could have helped to make Earth\u2019s atmosphere, billions of years ago\" \/><figcaption>Komety mohly p\u0159ed miliardami let p\u0159isp\u011bt k vzniku zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>To je p\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fkaz toho, \u017ee v d\u00e1vn\u00e9 minulosti dopadaly na Zemi komety, kter\u00e9 s sebou p\u0159inesly xenon. A\u010dkoli je v\u0161ak xenon z komet podobn\u00fd xenonu z ran\u00e9 Zem\u011b, nen\u00ed s n\u00edm zcela toto\u017en\u00fd. D\u016fkazy z\u00edskan\u00e9 sondou Rosetta toti\u017e nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee komety p\u0159isp\u011bly k prap\u016fvodn\u00edmu obsahu xenonu na Zemi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 22%, zat\u00edmco zbytek pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b poch\u00e1zel z asteroid\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>A pokud komety p\u0159inesly xenon, mohly p\u0159in\u00e9st i n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho? Mo\u017en\u00e1 komety p\u0159inesly aminokyseliny \u2013 jednu ze slo\u017eek \u017eivota!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1920\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/06\/Rosetta_goes_on_an_excursion\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/06\/rosetta_goes_on_an_excursion\/17866860-3-eng-GB\/Rosetta_goes_on_an_excursion.png\" alt=\"Have you seen our cartoons about Rosetta?\" \/><figcaption>U\u017e jste vid\u011bli na\u0161e karikatury o Rosett\u011b?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>D\u00edky \u00fadaj\u016fm, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m zaslala sonda Rosetta agentury ESA, se p\u0159ibli\u017eujeme k zodpov\u011bzen\u00ed v\u0161ech t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zek a je\u0161t\u011b mnohem v\u00edce!<\/p>\n<p><b>Zaj\u00edmavost:<\/b> Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1zev komety, kterou sonda Rosetta zkoumala, je 67P\/\u010curjumov\u2013Gerasimenko. Sonda Rosetta p\u0159ilet\u011bla k komet\u011b neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b bl\u00edzko, aby odebrala vzorky xenonu \u2013 pouh\u00fdch 5 km nad jej\u00edm povrchem!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 2016, an ESA probe called Rosetta completed an incredible mission: flying to a comet, studying it from orbit, and sending down a robotic lander! They then found evidence that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/06\/rosetta_at_comet\/17873224-2-eng-GB\/Rosetta_at_Comet.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Rosetta and its lander have made amazing discoveries","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/06\/Rosetta_at_Comet","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/439","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=439"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/439\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4475,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/439\/revisions\/4475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=439"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}