{"id":389,"date":"2018-03-08T14:24:00","date_gmt":"2018-03-08T13:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/remembering_atvs_europe_s_cargo_ferries_in_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:27:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:27:37","slug":"remembering_atvs_europe_s_cargo_ferries_in_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/remembering_atvs_europe_s_cargo_ferries_in_space\/","title":{"rendered":"Vzpom\u00ednka na ATV, evropsk\u00e9 n\u00e1kladn\u00ed trajekty ve vesm\u00edru"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli jste n\u011bkdy nad t\u00edm, jak se k astronaut\u016fm na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanici dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 z\u00e1soby? V ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze 400 km nad Zem\u00ed p\u0159ece nemohou jen tak zaj\u00edt do obchodu a koupit si j\u00eddlo! A co nov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, experimenty, pitn\u00e1 voda nebo dokonce vzduch k d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed? V\u0161e je t\u0159eba dopravit ze Zem\u011b a dlouhou dobu byly \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm automatizovan\u00e9 transportn\u00ed lod\u011b Evropsk\u00e9 kosmick\u00e9 agentury (ESA) \u2013 zkr\u00e1cen\u011b ATV!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3000\" data-credit=\"ESA - D. Ducros, 2010\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/03\/Artist_s_view_of_ESA_s_ATV_Johannes_Kepler\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/03\/artist_s_view_of_esa_s_atv_johannes_kepler\/17868747-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_view_of_ESA_s_ATV_Johannes_Kepler.jpg\" alt=\"Artist&#x27;s view of ESA&#x27;s ATV Johannes Kepler\"><figcaption>Um\u011bleck\u00e1 p\u0159edstava o kosmick\u00e9 lodi ATV \u201eJohannes Kepler\u201c agentury ESA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed ATV bylo vypu\u0161t\u011bno p\u0159esn\u011b p\u0159ed deseti lety. Odstartovalo z povrchu Zem\u011b na raket\u011b a pot\u00e9 se spojilo s Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrnou stanic\u00ed (ISS), aby doru\u010dilo sv\u016fj n\u00e1klad. Mise byla velk\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bchem, a proto ESA vyrobila dal\u0161\u00ed moduly ATV. Celkem bylo v letech 2008 a\u017e 2014 vypu\u0161t\u011bno p\u011bt modul\u016f ATV, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd byl pojmenov\u00e1n po evropsk\u00e9m v\u011bdci:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Jules Verne, francouzsk\u00fd spisovatel zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdmi sci-fi p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Johannes Kepler, n\u011bmeck\u00fd matematik, kter\u00fd se zaslou\u017eil o v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pokrok ve v\u00fdpo\u010dtech ob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch drah planet.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Edoardo Amaldi, italsk\u00fd fyzik, kter\u00fd si p\u0159\u00e1l, aby Evropan\u00e9 m\u00edrov\u011b zkoumali vesm\u00edr.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Albert Einstein, n\u011bmeck\u00fd teoretick\u00fd fyzik proslul\u00fd svou rovnic\u00ed E = mc<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Georges Lema\u00eetre, belgick\u00fd astronom, kter\u00fd p\u0159i\u0161el s teori\u00ed Velk\u00e9ho t\u0159esku.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Po p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed by se modul ATV stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ISS na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Postupn\u011b by se z n\u011bj vylo\u017eily v\u0161echny u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bci a pot\u00e9 by se naplnil v\u011bcmi, kter\u00e9 astronauti ji\u017e nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed \u2013 tak trochu jako odpadkov\u00fd ko\u0161!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"4256\" data-credit=\"NASA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/03\/ATV-2_seen_from_Discovery\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/03\/atv-2_seen_from_discovery\/17895461-2-eng-GB\/ATV-2_seen_from_Discovery.jpg\" alt=\"ATV-2 seen from Discovery\"><figcaption>ATV-2 z pohledu raketopl\u00e1nu Discovery<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>ATV neslou\u017eily pouze k doprav\u011b z\u00e1sob, ale pom\u00e1haly tak\u00e9 udr\u017eovat ISS na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze. A\u010dkoli se ISS nach\u00e1z\u00ed vysoko nad Zem\u00ed, st\u00e1le proch\u00e1z\u00ed malou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9ry. To zp\u016fsobuje t\u0159en\u00ed a postupn\u011b zpomaluje stanici, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje gravitaci p\u0159it\u00e1hnout ji bl\u00ed\u017ee k Zemi. To by nakonec vedlo ke zni\u010den\u00ed ISS, a proto ATV p\u0159i dokov\u00e1n\u00ed zap\u00ednala sv\u00e9 trysky, aby stanici zrychlila, vynesla ji na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu a zajistila tak jej\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost!<\/p>\n<p>Jakmile by ATV splnilo sv\u016fj \u00fakol, odd\u011blilo by se a sho\u0159elo by v zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. T\u00edm by do\u0161lo ke zni\u010den\u00ed ATV i ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho odpadu, kter\u00fd byl v n\u011bm shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn, je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e by dopadlo na zem.<\/p>\n<p>V sou\u010dasnosti z\u00e1sobuj\u00ed ISS jin\u00e1 kosmick\u00e1 plavidla, ale nem\u011bli bychom zapomenout na lod\u011b ATV a jejich velk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee jste astronaut na palub\u011b Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanice (ISS) a bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se k v\u00e1m n\u00e1kladn\u00ed lo\u010f, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1m m\u00e1 doru\u010dit z\u00e1soby. Co byste si p\u0159\u00e1li, aby v\u00e1m p\u0159ivezla?<\/p>\n<p><b>Zaj\u00edmavost:<\/b> Ka\u017ed\u00e9 ter\u00e9nn\u00ed vozidlo p\u0159epravilo 6,6 tuny n\u00e1kladu!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever wondered how astronauts onboard the International Space Station get the supplies that they need? Orbiting 400km above Earth, they cannot just go to the shops to buy [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/03\/atv-3_approaches_space_station\/17911121-2-eng-GB\/ATV-3_approaches_Space_Station.jpg","esa_banner_description":"ATV-3 approaches Space Station","esa_banner_credit":"NASA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/03\/ATV-3_approaches_Space_Station","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=389"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4436,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/389\/revisions\/4436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=389"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}