{"id":385,"date":"2018-05-24T12:21:00","date_gmt":"2018-05-24T10:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/a_space_ant_fires_its_lasers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:27:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:27:34","slug":"a_space_ant_fires_its_lasers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/a_space_ant_fires_its_lasers\/","title":{"rendered":"Vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 mraven\u010d\u00ed stvo\u0159en\u00ed vyst\u0159eluj\u00ed ze sv\u00fdch laser\u016f!"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u201cMravenci ve vesm\u00edru\u201d m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt jako n\u00e1zev sci-fi filmu, ale astronomov\u00e9 znaj\u00ed jednoho kosmick\u00e9ho mravence \u2013 mlhovinu Mravenec! Mlhovina Mravenec, kter\u00e1 trochu p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 hmyz, je ve skute\u010dnosti obrovsk\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed plynu a prachu, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti 8 000 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let od Zem\u011b. Obvykle byste k tomu, abyste si mravence dob\u0159e prohl\u00e9dli, pou\u017eili lupu, ale v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b budete rozhodn\u011b pot\u0159ebovat dalekohled.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Astronomov\u00e9 ji\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee mlhovina Mravenec byla kdysi hv\u011bzdou, mo\u017en\u00e1 trochu podobnou na\u0161emu Slunci, ale byla velmi star\u00e1 a vy\u010derpala sv\u00e9 z\u00e1soby vod\u00edkov\u00e9ho paliva. Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy hv\u011bzdy byly odhozeny, co\u017e vedlo k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed tvaru mlhoviny Mravenec, jak ji vid\u00edme ze Zem\u011b, a v jej\u00edm st\u0159edu z\u016fstala b\u00edl\u00e1 trpasli\u010d\u00ed hv\u011bzda.<\/p>\n

\"Herschel\"
Herschel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Astronomov\u00e9 nyn\u00ed analyzovali sn\u00edmky mlhoviny Ant, po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 vesm\u00edrnou observato\u0159\u00ed Herschel agentury ESA. Tento speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj nevid\u00ed sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u011b vn\u00edmaj\u00ed na\u0161e o\u010di, ale jin\u00fd druh sv\u011btla, tzv. infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Objevili n\u011bco, co nikdo ne\u010dekal: lasery!<\/p>\n

\u201cLasery ve vesm\u00edru\u201d zn\u00ed tak\u00e9 jako n\u00e1zev sci-fi filmu, ale ve skute\u010dnosti existuj\u00ed! Laserov\u00fd jev pozorovan\u00fd v mlhovin\u011b Mravenec m\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00fd n\u00e1zev: laserov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed v rekombina\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1\u0159e vod\u00edku. Jedn\u00e1 se o velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fd jev, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 l\u00e9pe poznat vnit\u0159n\u00ed oblasti mlhoviny Mravenec.<\/p>\n

Astronomov\u00e9 se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee laser je generov\u00e1n plynov\u00fdm diskem v bl\u00edzkosti b\u00edl\u00e9 trpasli\u010d\u00ed hv\u011bzdy. Norm\u00e1ln\u011b by se plyn tak bl\u00edzko b\u00edl\u00e9 trpasli\u010d\u00ed hv\u011bzdy nevyskytoval, jak se tam tedy dostal? Jedn\u00edm z mo\u017en\u00fdch vysv\u011btlen\u00ed je, \u017ee se v bl\u00edzkosti nach\u00e1z\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed hv\u011bzda, co\u017e by znamenalo, \u017ee b\u00edl\u00e1 trpasli\u010d\u00ed hv\u011bzda je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dvojhv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Tato druh\u00e1 hv\u011bzda by mohla udr\u017eovat plynn\u00fd disk na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze kolem b\u00edl\u00e9 trpasli\u010d\u00ed hv\u011bzdy a vytv\u00e1\u0159et laser.<\/p>\n

\"Stellar
V\u00fdvoj hv\u011bzd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tak\u017ee te\u010f u\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee ve vesm\u00edru opravdu existuje mravenec, kter\u00fd st\u0159\u00edl\u00ed lasery \u2013 tak n\u011bjak! Mo\u017en\u00e1 o tom jednou nato\u010d\u00ed film\u2026<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmavost:<\/b> Objevitel mlhoviny Mravenec, Donald Menzel, byl tak\u00e9 prvn\u00edm astronomem, kter\u00fd vyslovil domn\u011bnku, \u017ee mlhoviny mohou vytv\u00e1\u0159et p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed lasery \u2013 dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e jsme zjistili, \u017ee mlhovina Mravenec to skute\u010dn\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1, a dokonce je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e v\u011bdci vyrobili lasery v laborato\u0159\u00edch. To je ale n\u00e1hoda!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“Ants in space” might sound like the name of a science fiction film, but astronomers know of one cosmic ant out there \u2013 the Ant Nebula! Looking a bit like […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/ant_nebula2\/17892612-2-eng-GB\/Ant_Nebula.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Ant Nebula","esa_banner_credit":"NASA, ESA and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI\/AURA)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Ant_Nebula2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=385"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4432,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/385\/revisions\/4432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=385"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}