{"id":370,"date":"2018-08-23T13:47:00","date_gmt":"2018-08-23T11:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/liquid_water_found_on_mars\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:27:23","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:27:23","slug":"liquid_water_found_on_mars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/liquid_water_found_on_mars\/","title":{"rendered":"Na Marsu byla objevena kapaln\u00e1 voda!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Sonda Mars Express agentury ESA u\u010dinila \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd objev: stopy kapaln\u00e9 vody na Rud\u00e9 planet\u011b! V\u011bdci po vod\u011b p\u00e1trali ji\u017e dlouhou dobu a tento pr\u016flom by se mohl uk\u00e1zat jako velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>V d\u00e1vn\u00e9 minulosti byla velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st povrchu Marsu pokryta oce\u00e1ny, \u0159ekami a jezery. V\u00edme to proto, \u017ee dnes m\u016f\u017eeme na Marsu pozorovat \u00fatvary, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad obrovsk\u00e1 vyschl\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadol\u00ed. Ta byla d\u00edky dru\u017eic\u00edm na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze vyfotografov\u00e1na s \u00fa\u017easnou podrobnost\u00ed. P\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed moduly a voz\u00edtka zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed povrch tak\u00e9 objevily miner\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 se mohou tvo\u0159it pouze v kapaln\u00e9 vod\u011b.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"5333\" data-credit=\"Copyright Context map: NASA\/Viking; THEMIS background: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/Arizona State University; MARSIS data: ESA\/NASA\/JPL\/ASI\/Univ. Rome; R. Orosei et al 2018\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/08\/Mars_Express_detects_water_buried_under_the_south_pole_of_Mars\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/08\/mars_express_detects_water_buried_under_the_south_pole_of_mars\/18250213-2-eng-GB\/Mars_Express_detects_water_buried_under_the_south_pole_of_Mars.jpg\" alt=\"Mars Express detects water buried under the south pole of Mars\"><figcaption>Sonda Mars Express objevila vodu ukrytou pod ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lem Marsu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>V\u0161echna ta voda v\u0161ak nem\u011bla vydr\u017eet nav\u017edy. Klima na Marsu se zm\u011bnilo a \u2013 a\u010dkoli sonda Mars Express ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve prok\u00e1zala, \u017ee na p\u00f3lech planety se nach\u00e1z\u00ed zamrzl\u00e1 voda \u2013 kapaln\u00e1 voda dnes na povrchu existovat nem\u016f\u017ee. V\u011bdci se proto rozhodli pod\u00edvat se pod zem! Vyu\u017eili speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj MARSIS na palub\u011b sondy Mars Express (<b>M<\/b>ars <b>A<\/b>pokro\u010dil\u00fd <b>R<\/b>senzor pro <b>S<\/b>podpovrch a <b>I<\/b>onosf\u00e9ra <b>S<\/b>(sonarov\u00fd) p\u0159\u00edstroj. MARSIS je \u201cradar pronikaj\u00edc\u00ed do podzem\u00ed\u201d. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee z ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy vys\u00edl\u00e1 radarov\u00e9 impulsy sm\u011brem k povrchu Marsu. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed doby, za jakou se impulsy odraz\u00ed zp\u011bt, a jejich intenzity mohou v\u011bdci zjistit, jak to vypad\u00e1 pod povrchem. Geni\u00e1ln\u00ed!<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdzkum pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje MARSIS p\u0159inesl to, co v\u011bdci hledali. Ji\u017en\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed oblast Marsu je ve zkouman\u00e9 oblasti o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 200 km tvo\u0159ena mnoha vrstvami ledu a prachu, a to a\u017e do hloubky p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,5 km. Pod t\u011bmito vrstevnat\u00fdmi usazeninami byl objeven obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b jasn\u00fd radarov\u00fd odraz o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 20 km. V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o rozs\u00e1hlou n\u00e1dr\u017e s tekutou vodou!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1920\" data-credit=\"ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/08\/Perspective_view_of_Libya_Montes\" data-licence=\"CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO or ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/08\/perspective_view_of_libya_montes\/17894240-2-eng-GB\/Perspective_view_of_Libya_Montes.jpg\" alt=\"Perspective view of Libya Montes\"><figcaption>Pohled na poho\u0159\u00ed Libya Montes z pta\u010d\u00ed perspektivy<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 formy mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edho \u017eivota na Zemi ob\u00fdvaj\u00ed vodn\u00ed kapsy, v nich\u017e panuj\u00ed podm\u00ednky, v nich\u017e by \u010dlov\u011bk nemohl p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt, a tak vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: plavou v t\u00e9to mar\u0165ansk\u00e9 vod\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 drobn\u00e9 organismy? Pod povrchem Marsu by se mohlo nach\u00e1zet mnohem v\u00edce t\u016fn\u00ed a jezer, kter\u00e1 jen \u010dekaj\u00ed na objeven\u00ed. Jak\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed v sob\u011b skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed?<\/p>\n<p>Dmitrij Titov, projektov\u00fd v\u011bdec mise Mars Express agentury ESA, to vystihl nejl\u00e9pe: \u201cTento vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed objev je vrcholem planet\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u011bdy a p\u0159isp\u011bje k na\u0161emu porozum\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdvoji Marsu, historii vody na na\u0161\u00ed sousedn\u00ed planet\u011b a jej\u00ed obyvatelnosti.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Cht\u011bli byste prozkoumat podzemn\u00ed jezera na Marsu? Co si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee bychom tam mohli naj\u00edt?<\/p>\n<p><b>Zaj\u00edmavost:<\/b> Sonda Mars Express ob\u00edh\u00e1 kolem Rud\u00e9 planety ji\u017e 15 let!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ESA\u2019s Mars Express spacecraft has made an amazing discovery: signs of liquid water on the Red Planet! Scientists have been searching for water for a long time, and this breakthrough [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/08\/mars_express\/17883547-2-eng-GB\/Mars_Express.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Mars Express","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/ATG medialab; Mars: ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO","esa_banner_licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO or ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/08\/Mars_Express","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=370"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/370\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4418,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/370\/revisions\/4418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=370"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}