{"id":194,"date":"2021-12-02T12:44:57","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:44:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/meteors2\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:20","slug":"meteors2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/meteors2\/","title":{"rendered":"Meteory"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustava je pln\u00e1 materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd zbyl po vzniku planet. Mal\u00e9 \u00falomky hornin, kter\u00e9 se pohybuj\u00ed vesm\u00edrem, se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed meteoroidy. Pokud vstoup\u00ed do atmosf\u00e9ry planety a sho\u0159\u00ed, jsou pak viditeln\u00e9 jako meteory. N\u011bkdy v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00falomky hornin vydr\u017e\u00ed dost dlouho na to, aby dopadly na povrch planety. Vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 horniny na povrchu Zem\u011b se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed meteority.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Meteory (\u010dasto naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 \u201cpadaj\u00edc\u00ed hv\u011bzdy\u201d) jsou velmi b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se d\u00edv\u00e1 na jasnou no\u010dn\u00ed oblohu, nakonec uvid\u00ed tyto kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 sv\u011bteln\u00e9 stopy. Meteory vznikaj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku vstupu meteorit\u016f do horn\u00edch vrstev atmosf\u00e9ry rychlost\u00ed kolem 15 km\/s! Sv\u011bteln\u00e9 stopy meteor\u016f obvykle trvaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e vte\u0159inu. T\u0159en\u00ed o \u0159\u00eddk\u00fd vzduch ve v\u00fd\u0161ce asi 100 km zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee meteority p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed za\u010dnou z\u00e1\u0159it a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se zni\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Meteory lze pozorovat kdykoli, ale nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed doba k jejich pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je b\u011bhem periodick\u00fdch roj\u016f. Tyto roje se objevuj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve stejnou dobu, kdy\u017e Zem\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00ed proudem prachu, kter\u00fd za sebou zanechala kolemlet\u00edc\u00ed kometa.<\/p>\n

Existuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 20 hlavn\u00edch meteorick\u00fdch roj\u016f, i kdy\u017e jen n\u011bkolik z nich vyprodukuje a\u017e 50 meteor\u016f za minutu. Ob\u010das se obloha zapln\u00ed padaj\u00edc\u00edmi hv\u011bzdami. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u201cmeteorick\u00e9 bou\u0159e\u201d souvisej\u00ed s rojem Leonid, kter\u00fd se ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 mezi 14. a 20. listopadem. V minulosti byl tento roj tak aktivn\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159ipom\u00ednal padaj\u00edc\u00ed sn\u00edh!<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 meteory jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slab\u00e9 na to, aby je bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vid\u011bt, a to i v noci, ale lze je zachytit radarem. Meteorick\u00e9 roje se vyskytuj\u00ed i u jin\u00fdch planet. Na Marsu se meteority obvykle sp\u00e1l\u00ed v \u0159\u00eddk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e a vytvo\u0159\u00ed tak meteory. Na M\u011bs\u00edci v\u0161ak nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra, tak\u017ee meteority dopadaj\u00ed na povrch a exploduj\u00ed, ani\u017e by se sp\u00e1lily.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Solar System is full of material left over from the formation of the planets. Small chunks of rock that travel through space are known as meteoroids. If they enter […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/07\/meteor_shower\/17904232-2-eng-GB\/Meteor_shower.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Meteor shower","esa_banner_credit":"Night Sky Nation","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/07\/Meteor_shower","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=194"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1337,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194\/revisions\/1337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=194"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}