{"id":192,"date":"2021-12-02T12:46:34","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:46:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_hubble_space_telescope2\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:19","slug":"the_hubble_space_telescope2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/the_hubble_space_telescope2\/","title":{"rendered":"Hubble\u016fv vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Hubble\u016fv vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled (HST) je nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 observato\u0159, jak\u00e1 kdy byla vypu\u0161t\u011bna do vesm\u00edru. Tento 11tunov\u00fd dalekohled byl v dubnu 1990 raketopl\u00e1nem Space Shuttle vynesen na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 570 km kolem Zem\u011b. HST ob\u00edh\u00e1 kolem na\u0161\u00ed planety ka\u017ed\u00fdch 96 minut a dosud urazil p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 miliard km.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Hubble\u016fv teleskop n\u00e1m poskytl obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdch dat a neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b detailn\u00ed sn\u00edmky v\u0161ech druh\u016f objekt\u016f na obloze. Do podzimu 2009 provedl t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 900 000 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a po\u0159\u00eddil p\u0159es 570 000 sn\u00edmk\u016f v\u00edce ne\u017e 29 000 objekt\u016f.<\/p>\n

HST je pojmenov\u00e1n po Edwinu Hubbleovi (1889\u20131953), jednom z velk\u00fdch pr\u016fkopn\u00edk\u016f modern\u00ed astronomie. Jeho j\u00e1drem je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed zrcadlo o pr\u016fm\u011bru 2,4 m a p\u011bt v\u011bdeck\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 zkoumaj\u00ed vesm\u00edr v infra\u010derven\u00e9m, viditeln\u00e9m nebo ultrafialov\u00e9m sv\u011btle. Sv\u011btlo zachycen\u00e9 hlavn\u00edm zrcadlem se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na men\u0161\u00ed zrcadlo a pot\u00e9 je sm\u011brov\u00e1no k p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016fm. Data jsou n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ena na Zemi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rel\u00e9ov\u00e9ho satelitu.<\/p>\n

Energii pro observato\u0159 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed dva velk\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely (2,6 \u00d7 7,1 m). K zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na vodic\u00ed hv\u011bzdy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed senzory jemn\u00e9ho nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed. T\u00edm je zaji\u0161t\u011bna mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vysok\u00e1 p\u0159esnost zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je nezbytn\u00e1 pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed velmi p\u0159esn\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hubble je jedin\u00fd dalekohled, kter\u00fd byl kdy navr\u017een tak, aby ho astronauti mohli ve vesm\u00edru opravovat a vym\u011b\u0148ovat tak zastaral\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje. To se uk\u00e1zalo jako neoceniteln\u00e9, kdy\u017e byly prvn\u00ed sn\u00edmky rozmazan\u00e9 a v roce 1993 bylo nutn\u00e9 nainstalovat speci\u00e1ln\u00ed optick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd tento probl\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161il. Dosud prob\u011bhlo p\u011bt servisn\u00edch mis\u00ed, z nich\u017e posledn\u00ed se uskute\u010dnila v kv\u011btnu 2009. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee teleskop bude v provozu a\u017e do roku 2014.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is the most famous – and probably most successful – space observatory ever flown. The 11 tonne telescope was placed into a 570 km high […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2010\/04\/the_joint_esa_nasa_hubble_space_telescope2\/17892982-2-eng-GB\/The_joint_ESA_NASA_Hubble_Space_Telescope.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2010\/04\/The_joint_ESA_NASA_Hubble_Space_Telescope2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=192"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1335,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192\/revisions\/1335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}