{"id":1142,"date":"2004-11-19T08:27:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T07:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/are_we_alone_life_on_earth\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:29","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:29","slug":"are_we_alone_life_on_earth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/are_we_alone_life_on_earth\/","title":{"rendered":"\u017divot na Zemi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Nikdo nev\u00ed, jak ani pro\u010d vznikl \u017eivot. V\u00edme v\u0161ak, \u017ee \u017eivot na Zemi vznikl p\u0159ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b 3,8 miliardami (3 800 000 000) let. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e mlad\u00e1 planeta vychladla a vytvo\u0159ila si skalnatou k\u016fru. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u017eivot vznikl v skaln\u00ed t\u016fni nebo v oce\u00e1nu. Jin\u00ed si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee mohl p\u0159icestovat z vesm\u00edru s kometami a asteroidy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Pokud je n\u00e1m zn\u00e1mo, Zem\u011b je jedin\u00fdm m\u00edstem, kde se vyskytuje \u017eivot. Kamkoli se na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me, na\u0161ly si zde sv\u016fj domov bakterie a dal\u0161\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 formy \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Rostliny a zv\u00ed\u0159ata pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed ke sv\u00e9mu r\u016fstu slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo. A\u017e do 70. let 20. stolet\u00ed se v\u011bdci domn\u00edvali, \u017ee \u017eivot existuje pouze v bl\u00edzkosti zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu.<\/p>\n

\"Mars
Mars ze vzd\u00e1lenosti 5,5 milionu km, sn\u00edmek po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd 1. prosince<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Od t\u00e9 doby byly bakterie objeveny n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f pod zem\u00ed uvnit\u0159 pevn\u00e9 horniny. \u017div\u00ed se plyny a miner\u00e1ly obsa\u017een\u00fdmi v hornin\u011b. Bakterie byly nalezeny tak\u00e9 v siln\u00fdch kyselin\u00e1ch, v mraziv\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed Antarktidy a v bl\u00edzkosti hork\u00fdch pramen\u016f v temn\u00fdch hlubin\u00e1ch oce\u00e1nu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt dokonce i na vysoce radioaktivn\u00edch m\u00edstech. Dokud je k dispozici voda, \u017eivot si dok\u00e1\u017ee naj\u00edt sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto.<\/p>\n

Pokud je \u017eivot tak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, mohl by vzniknout a p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt i na jin\u00fdch sv\u011btech? Nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edstem v na\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b je Mars.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

No one knows how or why life began. We do know that life on Earth started at least 3.8 billion (3 800 000 000) years ago. By this time, the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/07\/life_in_extreme_conditions_on_earth_raises_hopes_for_life_elsewhere_in_the_universe2\/17864454-3-eng-GB\/Life_in_extreme_conditions_on_Earth_raises_hopes_for_life_elsewhere_in_the_universe.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2001\/07\/Life_in_extreme_conditions_on_Earth_raises_hopes_for_life_elsewhere_in_the_universe2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[14,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-are-we-alone","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1142"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4868,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1142\/revisions\/4868"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1142"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}