{"id":1131,"date":"2004-11-16T08:19:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-16T07:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/mars_valleys_and_volcanoes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:21","slug":"mars_valleys_and_volcanoes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/mars_valleys_and_volcanoes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dadol\u00ed a sopky na Marsu"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Sn\u00edmky po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 kosmick\u00fdmi sondami, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad Mars Express agentury ESA, ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee na Marsu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed mnoho velk\u00fdch impaktn\u00edch kr\u00e1ter\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ji\u017en\u011b od rovn\u00edku. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee vznikly dopadem meteorit\u016f na povrch p\u0159ed miliardami let. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kr\u00e1ter m\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011br asi 1 800 km \u2013 je tak velk\u00fd, \u017ee by pohltil polovinu Evropy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Povrch Marsu se v\u0161ak v pr\u016fb\u011bhu sv\u00e9 existence zm\u011bnil. Jedn\u00edm z nejviditeln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rys\u016f je obrovsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u00fadol\u00ed \u2013 Valles Marineris \u2013 v bl\u00edzkosti rovn\u00edku planety. S d\u00e9lkou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 000 km by se t\u00e1hl od Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee a\u017e po New York.<\/p>\n

\"Perspective
Pohled z pta\u010d\u00ed perspektivy na usazeniny v Melas Chasma<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u00fadol\u00ed vznikla v d\u016fsledku prask\u00e1n\u00ed povrchu planety, kdy\u017e se skalnat\u00e1 k\u016fra roztahovala a roztrh\u00e1vala. \u00dadol\u00ed jsou dnes tak \u0161irok\u00e1, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk stoj\u00edc\u00ed na jednom okraji by nevid\u011bl na druhou stranu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

Nedaleko na z\u00e1pad se nach\u00e1z\u00ed p\u011bt obrovsk\u00fdch sopek. Nejimpozantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich je Olympus Mons, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sopka ve slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b. Je \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Anglie a t\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Mount Everest, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hora na Zemi. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 z t\u011bchto sopek nen\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b aktivn\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pictures sent back by spacecraft such as ESA’s Mars Express show that Mars has many large impact craters. Most of these are to the south of the equator. They seem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/11\/crater_hale_in_argyre_basin3\/17910048-2-eng-GB\/Crater_Hale_in_Argyre_basin.jpe","esa_banner_description":"Crater Hale in Argyre basin","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/11\/Crater_Hale_in_Argyre_basin3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1131"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4864,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131\/revisions\/4864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}