{"id":1106,"date":"2006-01-20T13:10:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-20T12:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/neptune\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:04","slug":"neptune","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/neptune\/","title":{"rendered":"Neptun"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Neptun objevil v roce 1846 Johann Galle, astronom z berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 observato\u0159e. Galle v\u011bd\u011bl, kam se m\u00e1 d\u00edvat, d\u00edky v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016fm francouzsk\u00e9ho matematika Urbaina Le Verriera. Jak Le Verrier, tak John Adams v Anglii si uv\u011bdomili, \u017ee na Uran p\u016fsob\u00ed gravita\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edla dosud neobjeven\u00e9 planety, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee Uran zpomaluje nebo zrychluje.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Neptun se uk\u00e1zal b\u00fdt t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 identick\u00fdm dvoj\u010detem Uranu. Je 57kr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Zem\u011b, ale ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed se pom\u011brn\u011b rychle \u2013 jeden den tam trv\u00e1 pouh\u00fdch 16 hodin a 7 minut. Jeho pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost od Slunce \u010din\u00ed asi 4 500 milion\u016f km a jeden rok na Neptunu trv\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 165 pozemsk\u00fdch let.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako Uran m\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ru slo\u017eenou z vod\u00edku, helia a metanu. Jej\u00ed vnit\u0159ek tvo\u0159\u00ed ledy, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b s kamenn\u00fdm j\u00e1drem. A\u010dkoli je atmosf\u00e9ra velmi chladn\u00e1 (-220 \u00b0C), na t\u00e9to modr\u00e9 planet\u011b foukaj\u00ed velmi siln\u00e9 v\u011btry a zu\u0159\u00ed prudk\u00e9 bou\u0159e. Sonda Voyager 2 po\u0159\u00eddila sn\u00edmek obrovsk\u00e9 skvrny o velikosti Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Neptun m\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u011bt tmav\u00fdch, \u00fazk\u00fdch prstenc\u016f (pojmenovan\u00fdch po Galleovi, Le Verrierovi, Adamsovi a dal\u0161\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edleli na objevu t\u00e9to planety).<\/p>\n

M\u00e1 13 zn\u00e1m\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Zdaleka nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm z nich je Triton, ledov\u00fd sv\u011bt, kter\u00fd je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e Pluto. Na Tritonu je velmi chladno, tak\u017ee jeho \u0159\u00eddk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra zamrzla na povrchu. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se na n\u011bm v\u0161ak mnoho aktivn\u00edch ledov\u00fdch sopek, kter\u00e9 chrl\u00ed oblaka plynu a prachu. Triton je tak\u00e9 neobvykl\u00fd t\u00edm, \u017ee ob\u00edh\u00e1 kolem Neptunu \u201copa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem\u201d (z v\u00fdchodu na z\u00e1pad). Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee byl p\u0159ed d\u00e1vnou dobou zachycen Neptunovou gravitac\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Neptune was discovered in 1846 by Johann Galle, an astronomer at the Berlin Observatory. Galle knew where to look because of calculations by French mathematician Urbain Le Verrier. Both Le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/12\/neptune2\/17866082-3-eng-GB\/Neptune.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Neptune","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/12\/Neptune2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1106"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2249,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106\/revisions\/2249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}