{"id":1102,"date":"2006-01-19T11:12:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-19T10:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/the_kuiper_belt\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:01","slug":"the_kuiper_belt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/the_kuiper_belt\/","title":{"rendered":"Kuiper\u016fv p\u00e1s"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Modern\u00ed dalekohledy odhalily stovky ledov\u00fdch t\u011bles za ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hou Neptunu, v oblasti zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako Kuiper\u016fv p\u00e1s. Tento p\u00e1s je pojmenov\u00e1n po Gerardu Kuiperovi, astronomovi nizozemsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, kter\u00fd v roce 1951 vyslovil domn\u011bnku, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 komety mohou poch\u00e1zet pr\u00e1v\u011b z t\u00e9to oblasti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Prvn\u00ed objekt Kuiperova p\u00e1su byl objeven v roce 1992, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se potvrdila spr\u00e1vnost Kuiperovy teorie. Jejich detekce je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1, proto\u017ee jsou velmi slab\u011b viditeln\u00e9 a pohybuj\u00ed se velmi pomalu. Trv\u00e1 stovky let, ne\u017e tyto objekty dokon\u010d\u00ed jeden ob\u011bh kolem Slunce.<\/p>\n

Tyto objekty jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b poz\u016fstatky z obdob\u00ed vzniku planet. Do t\u00e9to vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed oblasti byly vymr\u0161t\u011bny v d\u016fsledku interakc\u00ed s ob\u0159\u00edmi planetami.<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto t\u011bles je mal\u00e1, obvykle maj\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br 10\u201350 km. A\u017e doned\u00e1vna byl Pluto nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm z nich, i kdy\u017e \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch t\u011bles byla t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b velk\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\"Eris\"
Eris<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V roce 2005 byl pak objeven je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed objekt. V\u011bdci mu, zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu pod ozna\u010den\u00edm 2003 UB313, dali p\u0159ezd\u00edvku \u201cXena\u201d (podle v\u00e1le\u010dnick\u00e9 princezny z popul\u00e1rn\u00edho televizn\u00edho seri\u00e1lu), dokud mu nemohli p\u0159id\u011blit \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no \u2013 Eris.<\/p>\n

V dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho objevu se Eris nach\u00e1zela od Slunce dvakr\u00e1t tak daleko jako Pluto (97 vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed Slunce\u2013Zem\u011b). D\u00edky tomu se stala nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edm objektem, jak\u00fd byl dosud ve Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b pozorov\u00e1n. Jej\u00ed dr\u00e1ha je nav\u00edc naklon\u011bna o 44 stup\u0148\u016f, tak\u017ee se pohybuje v\u00fdrazn\u011b nad i pod drahami ostatn\u00edch planet. Bylo tak\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee m\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00edc, pojmenovan\u00fd Dysnomia.<\/p>\n

Ne v\u0161ichni se shoduj\u00ed na tom, \u017ee by Pluto a Eris m\u011bly b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za dev\u00e1tou a des\u00e1tou planetu Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy. V roce 2006 je Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed astronomick\u00e1 unie za\u0159adila do kategorie \u2018trpasli\u010d\u00edch planet\u2019.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Modern telescopes have revealed hundreds of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune, in a region known as the Kuiper Belt. The Belt is named after Gerard Kuiper, a Dutch-born […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2006\/01\/kuiper_belt2\/17908900-2-eng-GB\/Kuiper_Belt.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2006\/01\/Kuiper_Belt2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1102"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4852,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1102\/revisions\/4852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1102"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}