{"id":1101,"date":"2005-12-09T13:07:00","date_gmt":"2005-12-09T12:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/moons_and_rings\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:01","slug":"moons_and_rings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/moons_and_rings\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u011bs\u00edce a prstence"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

V\u0161echny planety ob\u00edhaj\u00ed kolem Slunce proti sm\u011bru hodinov\u00fdch ru\u010di\u010dek \u2013 p\u0159i pohledu shora ze severn\u00edho p\u00f3lu Zem\u011b. Jejich rok \u2013 doba, za kterou dokon\u010d\u00ed jeden ob\u011bh \u2013 se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na jejich vzd\u00e1lenosti od Slunce. Rok na Merkuru trv\u00e1 pouh\u00fdch 88 pozemsk\u00fdch dn\u016f, tak\u017ee n\u011bkdo, kdo by se tam narodil, by m\u011bl \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce narozenin ne\u017e my na Zemi. Naproti tomu rok na Plutu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 248 na\u0161im rok\u016fm. N\u011bkdo, kdo by se narodil na Plutu, by nikdy neslavil narozeniny!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Venu\u0161e a Merkur nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 satelity, ale v\u0161ech sedm ostatn\u00edch planet m\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00edce, kter\u00e9 je ob\u00edhaj\u00ed. Celkov\u00fd po\u010det dosud zaznamenan\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f je 138. V\u011bt\u0161ina m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f je velmi mal\u00e1 a je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je pozorovat i pomoc\u00ed velk\u00fdch dalekohled\u016f. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed rekord Jupiter s 63 zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi m\u011bs\u00edci. Mezi nimi jsou i \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce o velikosti planety \u2013 Ganymed (nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc ve slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b), Kallisto, Europa a Io.<\/p>\n

Siln\u00e1 gravitace ostatn\u00edch plynn\u00fdch obr\u016f tak\u00e9 p\u0159il\u00e1kala velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed satelit\u016f: Saturn m\u00e1 31, Uran 27 a Neptun 13. Kolem Zem\u011b i Pluta ob\u00edh\u00e1 po jednom velk\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00edci.<\/p>\n

\u010cty\u0159i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed planety \u2013 Jupiter, Saturn, Uran a Neptun \u2013 maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 prstence. Jsou tvo\u0159eny \u00falomky ledu a hornin, jejich\u017e velikost se pohybuje od rozm\u011br\u016f hor a\u017e po cigaretov\u00fd kou\u0159. Prstence mohou b\u00fdt poz\u016fstatky m\u011bs\u00edce, kter\u00fd se rozpadl, nebo \u00falomky, kter\u00e9 se odlomily z okoln\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

All of the planets travel around the Sun in a counter-clockwise direction \u2013 as seen from above Earth\u2019s north pole. Their year – the time they take to complete one […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2005\/04\/jupiter_s_moon_europa2\/17905460-2-eng-GB\/Jupiter_s_moon_Europa.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Jupiter's moon, Europa","esa_banner_credit":"NASA\/DLR","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2005\/04\/Jupiter_s_moon_Europa2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1101"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2244,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1101\/revisions\/2244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1101"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}