{"id":1096,"date":"2007-10-19T13:43:00","date_gmt":"2007-10-19T11:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/herschel_esa_s_cosmic_heat_seeker\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:35:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:35:58","slug":"herschel_esa_s_cosmic_heat_seeker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/herschel_esa_s_cosmic_heat_seeker\/","title":{"rendered":"Herschel: Kosmick\u00fd detektor tepla agentury ESA"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

V l\u00e9t\u011b roku 2008 odstartuj\u00ed z Kourou ve Francouzsk\u00e9 Guyan\u011b dv\u011b z nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch observato\u0159\u00ed, jak\u00e9 kdy byly vypu\u0161t\u011bny. Na palub\u011b rakety Ariane 5 bude Herschel, nejv\u00fdkonn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00fd dalekohled na sv\u011bt\u011b citliv\u00fd na teplo, a Planck, kter\u00fd bude studovat slab\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, j\u00edm\u017e byl vesm\u00edr napln\u011bn bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po Velk\u00e9m t\u0159esku.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

V\u0161echno na vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 observato\u0159i Herschel agentury ESA je obrovsk\u00e9. Satelit je vysok\u00fd p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 7 metr\u016f a \u0161irok\u00fd 4,3 metru, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho hmotnost \u010din\u00ed 3,25 tuny. Jeho dalekohled je vybaven hlavn\u00edm zrcadlem o pr\u016fm\u011bru 3,5 metru, co\u017e je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zrcadlo, jak\u00e9 bylo kdy pro v\u011bdeckou kosmickou lo\u010f vyrobeno.<\/p>\n

Observato\u0159 nese jm\u00e9no dal\u0161\u00edho v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho velik\u00e1na, n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho astronoma a hudebn\u00edka Williama Herschela. V roce 1800 Herschel pomoc\u00ed sklen\u011bn\u00e9ho hranolu rozkl\u00e1dal b\u00edl\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na duhovou \u0161k\u00e1lu barev. K jeho p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed teplom\u011br um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd vedle paprsku \u010derven\u00e9ho sv\u011btla ukazoval n\u00e1r\u016fst teploty. Herschel tak objevil neviditeln\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 v\u011bdci naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201cinfra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed\u201d. My mu \u010dasto \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me prost\u011b \u201cteplo\u201d.<\/p>\n

Sonda Herschel bude um\u00edst\u011bna ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 1,5 milionu kilometr\u016f, co\u017e je dostate\u010dn\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost k tomu, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo probl\u00e9m\u016fm zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm ru\u0161en\u00edm pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed infra\u010derven\u00fdm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm ze Zem\u011b. Jej\u00ed t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstroje budou chlazeny kapaln\u00fdm h\u00e9liem tak, aby jejich teplota dosahovala hodnoty bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se absolutn\u00ed nule (-273 \u00b0C).<\/p>\n

Sonda Herschel bude slou\u017eit ke studiu \u2018studen\u00e9ho\u2019 vesm\u00edru. Jej\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b chladn\u00e1 \u2018o\u010di\u2019 budou vid\u011bt skrz prachov\u00e9 mraky, aby mohly zkoumat oblasti vzniku hv\u011bzd, centra galaxi\u00ed a skryt\u00e9 planety. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm se bude sna\u017eit zjistit, jak vznikaly galaxie a hv\u011bzdy v ran\u00e9m vesm\u00edru.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In the summer of 2008, two of the most sensitive space observatories ever launched will lift off from Kourou in French Guiana. On board the Ariane 5 rocket will be […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2007\/09\/sun_earth_and_the_spacecraft_are_aligned2\/17892130-2-eng-GB\/Sun_Earth_and_the_spacecraft_are_aligned.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/AOES Medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2007\/09\/Sun_Earth_and_the_spacecraft_are_aligned2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1096"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2239,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1096\/revisions\/2239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1096"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}