{"id":1081,"date":"2009-10-30T10:28:00","date_gmt":"2009-10-30T09:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_satellite_prepares_for_water_watch\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:35:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:35:47","slug":"esa_satellite_prepares_for_water_watch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/esa_satellite_prepares_for_water_watch\/","title":{"rendered":"Satelit ESA se p\u0159ipravuje na monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed vody"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Pro mimozem\u0161\u0165ana, kter\u00fd by kolem Zem\u011b prolet\u011bl, by se Zem\u011b jevila jako vodn\u00ed sv\u011bt, z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pokryt\u00fd oce\u00e1ny a mraky. Bez t\u00e9to vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 tekutiny by na Zemi neexistoval \u017eivot. O vod\u011b na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b a jej\u00edm vlivu na po\u010das\u00ed a klima v\u0161ak st\u00e1le nev\u00edme mnoho. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi p\u0159inese p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed mise ESA v r\u00e1mci programu Earth Explorer, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pod n\u00e1zvem SMOS.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Voda je jedin\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed l\u00e1tka, kter\u00e1 na Zemi m\u016f\u017ee existovat v plynn\u00e9m, kapaln\u00e9m i pevn\u00e9m skupenstv\u00ed. Kdy\u017e ji oh\u0159eje Slunce, voda se vypa\u0159uje a m\u011bn\u00ed se v plyn (vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ru). Tento plyn stoup\u00e1 nahoru a ochlazuje se, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikaj\u00ed mraky a d\u00e9\u0161\u0165. D\u00e9\u0161\u0165 pad\u00e1 zp\u011bt na zemsk\u00fd povrch a t\u00edm se uzav\u0159e kolob\u011bh vody.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2490\" data-credit=\"ESA - AOES Medialab\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/07\/SMOS_BR-2782\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/07\/smos_br-2782\/17885841-2-eng-GB\/SMOS_BR-278.jpg\" alt=\"SMOS BR-278\"><\/figure>\n<p>A\u010dkoli v\u011bt\u0161ina vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry poch\u00e1z\u00ed z oce\u00e1n\u016f, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b desetinu tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1ra uvol\u0148ovan\u00e1 rostlinami a odpa\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed se z p\u016fdy. Pokud je v\u0161ak p\u016fda p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vlhk\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k povodn\u00edm a erozi p\u016fdy. P\u0159i nedostatku vlhkosti se pak zem\u011b prom\u011bn\u00ed v pou\u0161\u0165. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b existuje jen m\u00e1lo m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed p\u016fdn\u00ed vlhkosti, ale s vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm dru\u017eice SMOS se to brzy zm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Satelit bude tak\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159it slanost oce\u00e1n\u016f a hledat oblasti, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdrazn\u011b slan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a tud\u00ed\u017e hust\u0161\u00ed. Tyto rozd\u00edly ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 proudy, kter\u00e9 zase ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed a klima.<\/p>\n<p>Satelit SMOS je vybaven speci\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstrojem pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vlhkosti p\u016fdy i slanosti oce\u00e1n\u016f. 69 p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010d\u016f um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch na ramenech ve tvaru p\u00edsmene Y bude m\u011b\u0159it mikrovlnn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z povrchu. Budou schopny detekovat vlhkost p\u016fdy ji\u017e od 4% \u2013 co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 jedn\u00e9 \u010dajov\u00e9 l\u017ei\u010dce vody v hrsti such\u00e9 p\u016fdy. B\u011bhem t\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9 mise vytvo\u0159\u00ed prvn\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed mapy vlhkosti p\u016fdy a slanosti oce\u00e1n\u016f po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 z vesm\u00edru.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To a passing alien, Earth would appear as a water world, largely covered by oceans and clouds. Without this precious liquid, life on Earth would not exist. However, there is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/09\/smos_in_orbit2\/18245588-2-eng-GB\/SMOS_in_orbit.jpg","esa_banner_description":"SMOS in orbit","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/AOES Medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/09\/SMOS_in_orbit2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,66],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1081","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-water-world"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1081","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1081"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1081\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4840,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1081\/revisions\/4840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}